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annotate src/timer/macos/FastTimes.c @ 1895:c121d94672cb

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SDL 1.2 is moving to a branch, and SDL 1.3 is becoming the head.
author Sam Lantinga <slouken@libsdl.org>
date Mon, 10 Jul 2006 21:04:37 +0000
parents 4c270c3a88ed
children
rev   line source
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1 /* File "FastTimes.c" - Original code by Matt Slot <fprefect@ambrosiasw.com> */
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2 /* Created 4/24/99 - This file is hereby placed in the public domain */
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3 /* Updated 5/21/99 - Calibrate to VIA, add TBR support, renamed functions */
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4 /* Updated 10/4/99 - Use AbsoluteToNanoseconds() in case Absolute = double */
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5 /* Updated 2/15/00 - Check for native Time Manager, no need to calibrate */
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6 /* Updated 2/19/00 - Fixed default value for gScale under native Time Mgr */
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7 /* Updated 3/21/00 - Fixed ns conversion, create 2 different scale factors */
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8 /* Updated 5/03/00 - Added copyright and placed into PD. No code changes */
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9 /* Updated 8/01/00 - Made "Carbon-compatible" by replacing LMGetTicks() */
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10
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11 /* This file is Copyright (C) Matt Slot, 1999-2000. It is hereby placed into
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12 the public domain. The author makes no warranty as to fitness or stability */
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13
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14 #include <Gestalt.h>
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15 #include <LowMem.h>
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16 #include <CodeFragments.h>
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17 #include <DriverServices.h>
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18 #include <Timer.h>
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19
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20 #include "FastTimes.h"
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21
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22 #ifdef TARGET_CPU_PPC
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23 #undef GENERATINGPOWERPC /* stop whining */
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24 #define GENERATINGPOWERPC TARGET_CPU_PPC
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25 #endif
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26
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27 /* **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** */
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28 /* **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** */
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29 /*
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30 On 680x0 machines, we just use Microseconds().
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31
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32 On PowerPC machines, we try several methods:
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33 * DriverServicesLib is available on all PCI PowerMacs, and perhaps
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34 some NuBus PowerMacs. If it is, we use UpTime() : Overhead = 2.1 µsec.
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35 * The PowerPC 601 has a built-in "real time clock" RTC, and we fall
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36 back to that, accessing it directly from asm. Overhead = 1.3 µsec.
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37 * Later PowerPCs have an accurate "time base register" TBR, and we
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38 fall back to that, access it from PowerPC asm. Overhead = 1.3 µsec.
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39 * We can also try Microseconds() which is emulated : Overhead = 36 µsec.
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40
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41 On PowerPC machines, we avoid the following:
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42 * OpenTransport is available on all PCI and some NuBus PowerMacs, but it
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43 uses UpTime() if available and falls back to Microseconds() otherwise.
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44 * InputSprocket is available on many PowerMacs, but again it uses
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45 UpTime() if available and falls back to Microseconds() otherwise.
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46
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47 Another PowerPC note: certain configurations, especially 3rd party upgrade
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48 cards, may return inaccurate timings for the CPU or memory bus -- causing
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49 skew in various system routines (up to 20% drift!). The VIA chip is very
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50 accurate, and it's the basis for the Time Manager and Microseconds().
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51 Unfortunately, it's also very slow because the MacOS has to (a) switch to
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52 68K and (b) poll for a VIA event.
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53
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54 We compensate for the drift by calibrating a floating point scale factor
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55 between our fast method and the accurate timer at startup, then convert
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56 each sample quickly on the fly. I'd rather not have the initialization
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57 overhead -- but it's simply necessary for accurate timing. You can drop
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58 it down to 30 ticks if you prefer, but that's as low as I'd recommend.
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59
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60 Under MacOS 9, "new world" Macs (iMacs, B+W G3s and G+W G4s) have a native
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61 Time Manager implementation: UpTime(), Microseconds(), and TickCount() are
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62 all based on the same underlying counter. This makes it silly to calibrate
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63 UpTime() against TickCount(). We now check for this feature using Gestalt(),
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64 and skip the whole calibration step if possible.
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65
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66 */
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67 /* **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** */
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68 /* **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** */
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69
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70 #define RTCToNano(w) ((double) (w).hi * 1000000000.0 + (double) (w).lo)
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71 #define WideTo64bit(w) (*(UInt64 *) &(w))
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72
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73 /* LMGetTicks() is not in Carbon and TickCount() has a fair bit of overhead,
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74 so for speed we always read lowmem directly. This is a Mac OS X no-no, but
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75 it always work on those systems that don't have a native Time Manager (ie,
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76 anything before MacOS 9) -- regardless whether we are in Carbon or not! */
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77 #define MyLMGetTicks() (*(volatile UInt32 *) 0x16A)
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78
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79 #if GENERATINGPOWERPC
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80
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81 static asm UnsignedWide PollRTC(void);
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82 static asm UnsignedWide PollTBR(void);
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83 static Ptr FindFunctionInSharedLib(StringPtr libName, StringPtr funcName);
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84
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85 static Boolean gInited = false;
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86 static Boolean gNative = false;
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87 static Boolean gUseRTC = false;
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88 static Boolean gUseTBR = false;
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89 static double gScaleUSec = 1.0 / 1000.0; /* 1 / ( nsec / usec) */
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90 static double gScaleMSec = 1.0 / 1000000.0; /* 1 / ( nsec / msec) */
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91
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92 /* Functions loaded from DriverServicesLib */
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93 typedef AbsoluteTime(*UpTimeProcPtr) (void);
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94 typedef Nanoseconds(*A2NSProcPtr) (AbsoluteTime);
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95 static UpTimeProcPtr gUpTime = NULL;
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96 static A2NSProcPtr gA2NS = NULL;
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97
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98 #endif /* GENERATINGPOWERPC */
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99
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100 /* **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** */
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101 /* **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** */
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102
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103 void
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104 FastInitialize()
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105 {
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106 SInt32 result;
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107
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108 if (!gInited) {
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109
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110 #if GENERATINGPOWERPC
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111
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112 /* Initialize the feature flags */
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113 gNative = gUseRTC = gUseTBR = false;
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114
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115 /* We use CFM to find and load needed symbols from shared libraries, so
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116 the application doesn't have to weak-link them, for convenience. */
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117 gUpTime =
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118 (UpTimeProcPtr) FindFunctionInSharedLib("\pDriverServicesLib",
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119 "\pUpTime");
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120 if (gUpTime)
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121 gA2NS = (A2NSProcPtr)
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122 FindFunctionInSharedLib("\pDriverServicesLib",
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123 "\pAbsoluteToNanoseconds");
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124 if (!gA2NS)
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125 gUpTime = nil; /* Pedantic but necessary */
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126
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127 if (gUpTime) {
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128 /* If we loaded UpTime(), then we need to know if the system has
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129 a native implementation of the Time Manager. If so, then it's
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130 pointless to calculate a scale factor against the missing VIA */
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131
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132 /* gestaltNativeTimeMgr = 4 in some future version of the headers */
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133 if (!Gestalt(gestaltTimeMgrVersion, &result) &&
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134 (result > gestaltExtendedTimeMgr))
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135 gNative = true;
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136 } else {
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137 /* If no DriverServicesLib, use Gestalt() to get the processor type.
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138 Only NuBus PowerMacs with old System Software won't have DSL, so
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139 we know it should either be a 601 or 603. */
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140
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141 /* Use the processor gestalt to determine which register to use */
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142 if (!Gestalt(gestaltNativeCPUtype, &result)) {
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143 if (result == gestaltCPU601)
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144 gUseRTC = true;
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145 else if (result > gestaltCPU601)
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146 gUseTBR = true;
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147 }
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148 }
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149
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150 /* Now calculate a scale factor to keep us accurate. */
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151 if ((gUpTime && !gNative) || gUseRTC || gUseTBR) {
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152 UInt64 tick, usec1, usec2;
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153 UnsignedWide wide;
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154
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155 /* Wait for the beginning of the very next tick */
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156 for (tick = MyLMGetTicks() + 1; tick > MyLMGetTicks(););
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157
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158 /* Poll the selected timer and prepare it (since we have time) */
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159 wide = (gUpTime) ? (*gA2NS) ((*gUpTime) ()) :
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160 ((gUseRTC) ? PollRTC() : PollTBR());
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161 usec1 = (gUseRTC) ? RTCToNano(wide) : WideTo64bit(wide);
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162
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163 /* Wait for the exact 60th tick to roll over */
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164 while (tick + 60 > MyLMGetTicks());
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165
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166 /* Poll the selected timer again and prepare it */
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167 wide = (gUpTime) ? (*gA2NS) ((*gUpTime) ()) :
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168 ((gUseRTC) ? PollRTC() : PollTBR());
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169 usec2 = (gUseRTC) ? RTCToNano(wide) : WideTo64bit(wide);
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170
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171 /* Calculate a scale value that will give microseconds per second.
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172 Remember, there are actually 60.15 ticks in a second, not 60. */
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173 gScaleUSec = (60.0 * 1000000.0) / ((usec2 - usec1) * 60.15);
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174 gScaleMSec = gScaleUSec / 1000.0;
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175 }
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176 #endif /* GENERATINGPOWERPC */
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177
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178 /* We've initialized our globals */
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179 gInited = true;
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180 }
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181 }
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182
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183 /* **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** */
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184 /* **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** */
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185
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186 UInt64
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187 FastMicroseconds()
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188 {
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189 UnsignedWide wide;
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190 UInt64 usec;
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191
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192 #if GENERATINGPOWERPC
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193 /* Initialize globals the first time we are called */
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194 if (!gInited)
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195 FastInitialize();
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196
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197 if (gNative) {
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198 /* Use DriverServices if it's available -- it's fast and compatible */
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199 wide = (*gA2NS) ((*gUpTime) ());
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200 usec = (double) WideTo64bit(wide) * gScaleUSec + 0.5;
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201 } else if (gUpTime) {
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202 /* Use DriverServices if it's available -- it's fast and compatible */
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203 wide = (*gA2NS) ((*gUpTime) ());
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204 usec = (double) WideTo64bit(wide) * gScaleUSec + 0.5;
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205 } else if (gUseTBR) {
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206 /* On a recent PowerPC, we poll the TBR directly */
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207 wide = PollTBR();
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208 usec = (double) WideTo64bit(wide) * gScaleUSec + 0.5;
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209 } else if (gUseRTC) {
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210 /* On a 601, we can poll the RTC instead */
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211 wide = PollRTC();
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212 usec = (double) RTCToNano(wide) * gScaleUSec + 0.5;
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213 } else
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214 #endif /* GENERATINGPOWERPC */
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215 {
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216 /* If all else fails, suffer the mixed mode overhead */
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217 Microseconds(&wide);
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218 usec = WideTo64bit(wide);
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219 }
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220
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221 return (usec);
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222 }
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223
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224 /* **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** */
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225 /* **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** */
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226
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227 UInt64
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228 FastMilliseconds()
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229 {
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230 UnsignedWide wide;
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231 UInt64 msec;
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232
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233 #if GENERATINGPOWERPC
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234 /* Initialize globals the first time we are called */
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235 if (!gInited)
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236 FastInitialize();
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237
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238 if (gNative) {
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239 /* Use DriverServices if it's available -- it's fast and compatible */
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240 wide = (*gA2NS) ((*gUpTime) ());
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241 msec = (double) WideTo64bit(wide) * gScaleMSec + 0.5;
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242 } else if (gUpTime) {
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243 /* Use DriverServices if it's available -- it's fast and compatible */
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244 wide = (*gA2NS) ((*gUpTime) ());
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245 msec = (double) WideTo64bit(wide) * gScaleMSec + 0.5;
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246 } else if (gUseTBR) {
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247 /* On a recent PowerPC, we poll the TBR directly */
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248 wide = PollTBR();
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249 msec = (double) WideTo64bit(wide) * gScaleMSec + 0.5;
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250 } else if (gUseRTC) {
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251 /* On a 601, we can poll the RTC instead */
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252 wide = PollRTC();
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253 msec = (double) RTCToNano(wide) * gScaleMSec + 0.5;
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254 } else
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255 #endif /* GENERATINGPOWERPC */
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256 {
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257 /* If all else fails, suffer the mixed mode overhead */
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258 Microseconds(&wide);
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259 msec = ((double) WideTo64bit(wide) + 500.0) / 1000.0;
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260 }
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261
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262 return (msec);
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263 }
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264
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265 /* **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** */
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266 /* **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** */
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267
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268 StringPtr
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269 FastMethod()
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270 {
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271 StringPtr method = "\p<Unknown>";
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272
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273 #if GENERATINGPOWERPC
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274 /* Initialize globals the first time we are called */
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275 if (!gInited)
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276 FastInitialize();
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277
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278 if (gNative) {
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279 /* The Time Manager and UpTime() are entirely native on this machine */
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280 method = "\pNative UpTime()";
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281 } else if (gUpTime) {
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282 /* Use DriverServices if it's available -- it's fast and compatible */
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283 method = "\pUpTime()";
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284 } else if (gUseTBR) {
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285 /* On a recent PowerPC, we poll the TBR directly */
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286 method = "\pPowerPC TBR";
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287 } else if (gUseRTC) {
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288 /* On a 601, we can poll the RTC instead */
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289 method = "\pPowerPC RTC";
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290 } else
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291 #endif /* GENERATINGPOWERPC */
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292 {
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293 /* If all else fails, suffer the mixed mode overhead */
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294 method = "\pMicroseconds()";
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295 }
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296
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297 return (method);
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298 }
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299
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300 /* **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** */
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301 /* **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** */
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302 #pragma mark -
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303
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304 #if GENERATINGPOWERPC
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305 asm static UnsignedWide
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306 PollRTC_()
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307 {
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308 entry PollRTC /* Avoid CodeWarrior glue */
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309 machine 601 @ AGAIN:mfrtcu r4 /* RTCU = SPR 4 */
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310 mfrtcl r5 /* RTCL = SPR 5 */
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311 mfrtcu r6 cmpw r4, r6 bne @ AGAIN stw r4, 0(r3) stw r5, 4(r3) blr}
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312
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313 /* **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** */
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314 /* **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** */
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315
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316 asm static UnsignedWide
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317 PollTBR_()
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318 {
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319 entry PollTBR /* Avoid CodeWarrior glue */
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320 machine 604 @ AGAIN:mftbu r4 /* TBRU = SPR 268 */
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321 mftb r5 /* TBRL = SPR 269 */
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322 mftbu r6 cmpw r4, r6 bne @ AGAIN stw r4, 0(r3) stw r5, 4(r3) blr}
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323
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324 /* **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** */
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325 /* **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** */
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326
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327 static Ptr
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328 FindFunctionInSharedLib(StringPtr libName, StringPtr funcName)
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329 {
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330 OSErr error = noErr;
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331 Str255 errorStr;
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332 Ptr func = NULL;
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333 Ptr entry = NULL;
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334 CFragSymbolClass symClass;
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335 CFragConnectionID connID;
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336
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337 /* Find CFM containers for the current archecture -- CFM-PPC or CFM-68K */
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338 if ( /* error = */ GetSharedLibrary(libName, kCompiledCFragArch,
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339 kLoadCFrag, &connID, &entry,
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340 errorStr))
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341 return (NULL);
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342 if ( /* error = */ FindSymbol(connID, funcName, &func, &symClass))
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343 return (NULL);
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344
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345 return (func);
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346 }
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347 #endif /* GENERATINGPOWERPC */
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348 /* vi: set ts=4 sw=4 expandtab: */