view src/libm/e_pow.c @ 3415:1756b9569141

Adam Strzelecki to SDL Actually after my patch commited in r4928 MinGW configure seems to generate broken Makefile due MSYS bash bug. (Attaching cure/patch below) The problem is that: TEST=`echo 'one\\ two\\ three\\'` echo "$TEST" Should echo: one\ two\ three\ Does it on Linux, Mac.. all UNIX but not on MSYS (MinGW) which outputs: one\two\three\ (new lines removed, probably it doesn't like backslashes) Probably this bug should be submitted to MSYS team, but not waiting till MSYS gets it fixed (they have very slow release cycles) here goes simple cure... My patch simply replaces single quoted SED rules where we needed newlien injection with double quoted ones. Tested on Mac, Linux & MinGW. Please review it ASAP coz this may be showstopper for everybody compiling with MinGW.
author Sam Lantinga <slouken@libsdl.org>
date Wed, 28 Oct 2009 04:27:50 +0000
parents 9ac6f0782dd6
children
line wrap: on
line source

/* @(#)e_pow.c 5.1 93/09/24 */
/*
 * ====================================================
 * Copyright (C) 1993 by Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
 *
 * Developed at SunPro, a Sun Microsystems, Inc. business.
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
 * software is freely granted, provided that this notice
 * is preserved.
 * ====================================================
 */

#if defined(LIBM_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
static char rcsid[] = "$NetBSD: e_pow.c,v 1.9 1995/05/12 04:57:32 jtc Exp $";
#endif

/* __ieee754_pow(x,y) return x**y
 *
 *		      n
 * Method:  Let x =  2   * (1+f)
 *	1. Compute and return log2(x) in two pieces:
 *		log2(x) = w1 + w2,
 *	   where w1 has 53-24 = 29 bit trailing zeros.
 *	2. Perform y*log2(x) = n+y' by simulating muti-precision
 *	   arithmetic, where |y'|<=0.5.
 *	3. Return x**y = 2**n*exp(y'*log2)
 *
 * Special cases:
 *	1.  (anything) ** 0  is 1
 *	2.  (anything) ** 1  is itself
 *	3.  (anything) ** NAN is NAN
 *	4.  NAN ** (anything except 0) is NAN
 *	5.  +-(|x| > 1) **  +INF is +INF
 *	6.  +-(|x| > 1) **  -INF is +0
 *	7.  +-(|x| < 1) **  +INF is +0
 *	8.  +-(|x| < 1) **  -INF is +INF
 *	9.  +-1         ** +-INF is NAN
 *	10. +0 ** (+anything except 0, NAN)               is +0
 *	11. -0 ** (+anything except 0, NAN, odd integer)  is +0
 *	12. +0 ** (-anything except 0, NAN)               is +INF
 *	13. -0 ** (-anything except 0, NAN, odd integer)  is +INF
 *	14. -0 ** (odd integer) = -( +0 ** (odd integer) )
 *	15. +INF ** (+anything except 0,NAN) is +INF
 *	16. +INF ** (-anything except 0,NAN) is +0
 *	17. -INF ** (anything)  = -0 ** (-anything)
 *	18. (-anything) ** (integer) is (-1)**(integer)*(+anything**integer)
 *	19. (-anything except 0 and inf) ** (non-integer) is NAN
 *
 * Accuracy:
 *	pow(x,y) returns x**y nearly rounded. In particular
 *			pow(integer,integer)
 *	always returns the correct integer provided it is
 *	representable.
 *
 * Constants :
 * The hexadecimal values are the intended ones for the following
 * constants. The decimal values may be used, provided that the
 * compiler will convert from decimal to binary accurately enough
 * to produce the hexadecimal values shown.
 */

#include "math.h"
#include "math_private.h"

libm_hidden_proto(scalbn)
    libm_hidden_proto(fabs)
#ifdef __STDC__
     static const double
#else
     static double
#endif
       bp[] = { 1.0, 1.5, }, dp_h[] = {
     0.0, 5.84962487220764160156e-01,}, /* 0x3FE2B803, 0x40000000 */

         dp_l[] = {
     0.0, 1.35003920212974897128e-08,}, /* 0x3E4CFDEB, 0x43CFD006 */

         zero = 0.0, one = 1.0, two = 2.0, two53 = 9007199254740992.0,  /* 0x43400000, 0x00000000 */
         huge_val = 1.0e300, tiny = 1.0e-300,
         /* poly coefs for (3/2)*(log(x)-2s-2/3*s**3 */
         L1 = 5.99999999999994648725e-01,       /* 0x3FE33333, 0x33333303 */
         L2 = 4.28571428578550184252e-01,       /* 0x3FDB6DB6, 0xDB6FABFF */
         L3 = 3.33333329818377432918e-01,       /* 0x3FD55555, 0x518F264D */
         L4 = 2.72728123808534006489e-01,       /* 0x3FD17460, 0xA91D4101 */
         L5 = 2.30660745775561754067e-01,       /* 0x3FCD864A, 0x93C9DB65 */
         L6 = 2.06975017800338417784e-01,       /* 0x3FCA7E28, 0x4A454EEF */
         P1 = 1.66666666666666019037e-01,       /* 0x3FC55555, 0x5555553E */
         P2 = -2.77777777770155933842e-03,      /* 0xBF66C16C, 0x16BEBD93 */
         P3 = 6.61375632143793436117e-05,       /* 0x3F11566A, 0xAF25DE2C */
         P4 = -1.65339022054652515390e-06,      /* 0xBEBBBD41, 0xC5D26BF1 */
         P5 = 4.13813679705723846039e-08,       /* 0x3E663769, 0x72BEA4D0 */
         lg2 = 6.93147180559945286227e-01,      /* 0x3FE62E42, 0xFEFA39EF */
         lg2_h = 6.93147182464599609375e-01,    /* 0x3FE62E43, 0x00000000 */
         lg2_l = -1.90465429995776804525e-09,   /* 0xBE205C61, 0x0CA86C39 */
         ovt = 8.0085662595372944372e-0017,     /* -(1024-log2(ovfl+.5ulp)) */
         cp = 9.61796693925975554329e-01,       /* 0x3FEEC709, 0xDC3A03FD =2/(3ln2) */
         cp_h = 9.61796700954437255859e-01,     /* 0x3FEEC709, 0xE0000000 =(float)cp */
         cp_l = -7.02846165095275826516e-09,    /* 0xBE3E2FE0, 0x145B01F5 =tail of cp_h */
         ivln2 = 1.44269504088896338700e+00,    /* 0x3FF71547, 0x652B82FE =1/ln2 */
         ivln2_h = 1.44269502162933349609e+00,  /* 0x3FF71547, 0x60000000 =24b 1/ln2 */
         ivln2_l = 1.92596299112661746887e-08;  /* 0x3E54AE0B, 0xF85DDF44 =1/ln2 tail */

#ifdef __STDC__
     double attribute_hidden __ieee754_pow(double x, double y)
#else
     double attribute_hidden __ieee754_pow(x, y)
     double x, y;
#endif
     {
         double z, ax, z_h, z_l, p_h, p_l;
         double y1, t1, t2, r, s, t, u, v, w;
         int32_t i, j, k, yisint, n;
         int32_t hx, hy, ix, iy;
         u_int32_t lx, ly;

         EXTRACT_WORDS(hx, lx, x);
         EXTRACT_WORDS(hy, ly, y);
         ix = hx & 0x7fffffff;
         iy = hy & 0x7fffffff;

         /* y==zero: x**0 = 1 */
         if ((iy | ly) == 0)
             return one;

         /* +-NaN return x+y */
         if (ix > 0x7ff00000 || ((ix == 0x7ff00000) && (lx != 0)) ||
             iy > 0x7ff00000 || ((iy == 0x7ff00000) && (ly != 0)))
             return x + y;

         /* determine if y is an odd int when x < 0
          * yisint = 0       ... y is not an integer
          * yisint = 1       ... y is an odd int
          * yisint = 2       ... y is an even int
          */
         yisint = 0;
         if (hx < 0) {
             if (iy >= 0x43400000)
                 yisint = 2;    /* even integer y */
             else if (iy >= 0x3ff00000) {
                 k = (iy >> 20) - 0x3ff;        /* exponent */
                 if (k > 20) {
                     j = ly >> (52 - k);
                     if ((j << (52 - k)) == ly)
                         yisint = 2 - (j & 1);
                 } else if (ly == 0) {
                     j = iy >> (20 - k);
                     if ((j << (20 - k)) == iy)
                         yisint = 2 - (j & 1);
                 }
             }
         }

         /* special value of y */
         if (ly == 0) {
             if (iy == 0x7ff00000) {    /* y is +-inf */
                 if (((ix - 0x3ff00000) | lx) == 0)
                     return y - y;      /* inf**+-1 is NaN */
                 else if (ix >= 0x3ff00000)     /* (|x|>1)**+-inf = inf,0 */
                     return (hy >= 0) ? y : zero;
                 else           /* (|x|<1)**-,+inf = inf,0 */
                     return (hy < 0) ? -y : zero;
             }
             if (iy == 0x3ff00000) {    /* y is  +-1 */
                 if (hy < 0)
                     return one / x;
                 else
                     return x;
             }
             if (hy == 0x40000000)
                 return x * x;  /* y is  2 */
             if (hy == 0x3fe00000) {    /* y is  0.5 */
                 if (hx >= 0)   /* x >= +0 */
                     return __ieee754_sqrt(x);
             }
         }

         ax = fabs(x);
         /* special value of x */
         if (lx == 0) {
             if (ix == 0x7ff00000 || ix == 0 || ix == 0x3ff00000) {
                 z = ax;        /*x is +-0,+-inf,+-1 */
                 if (hy < 0)
                     z = one / z;       /* z = (1/|x|) */
                 if (hx < 0) {
                     if (((ix - 0x3ff00000) | yisint) == 0) {
                         z = (z - z) / (z - z); /* (-1)**non-int is NaN */
                     } else if (yisint == 1)
                         z = -z;        /* (x<0)**odd = -(|x|**odd) */
                 }
                 return z;
             }
         }

         /* (x<0)**(non-int) is NaN */
         if (((((u_int32_t) hx >> 31) - 1) | yisint) == 0)
             return (x - x) / (x - x);

         /* |y| is huge */
         if (iy > 0x41e00000) { /* if |y| > 2**31 */
             if (iy > 0x43f00000) {     /* if |y| > 2**64, must o/uflow */
                 if (ix <= 0x3fefffff)
                     return (hy < 0) ? huge_val * huge_val : tiny * tiny;
                 if (ix >= 0x3ff00000)
                     return (hy > 0) ? huge_val * huge_val : tiny * tiny;
             }
             /* over/underflow if x is not close to one */
             if (ix < 0x3fefffff)
                 return (hy < 0) ? huge_val * huge_val : tiny * tiny;
             if (ix > 0x3ff00000)
                 return (hy > 0) ? huge_val * huge_val : tiny * tiny;
             /* now |1-x| is tiny <= 2**-20, suffice to compute
                log(x) by x-x^2/2+x^3/3-x^4/4 */
             t = x - 1;         /* t has 20 trailing zeros */
             w = (t * t) * (0.5 - t * (0.3333333333333333333333 - t * 0.25));
             u = ivln2_h * t;   /* ivln2_h has 21 sig. bits */
             v = t * ivln2_l - w * ivln2;
             t1 = u + v;
             SET_LOW_WORD(t1, 0);
             t2 = v - (t1 - u);
         } else {
             double s2, s_h, s_l, t_h, t_l;
             n = 0;
             /* take care subnormal number */
             if (ix < 0x00100000) {
                 ax *= two53;
                 n -= 53;
                 GET_HIGH_WORD(ix, ax);
             }
             n += ((ix) >> 20) - 0x3ff;
             j = ix & 0x000fffff;
             /* determine interval */
             ix = j | 0x3ff00000;       /* normalize ix */
             if (j <= 0x3988E)
                 k = 0;         /* |x|<sqrt(3/2) */
             else if (j < 0xBB67A)
                 k = 1;         /* |x|<sqrt(3)   */
             else {
                 k = 0;
                 n += 1;
                 ix -= 0x00100000;
             }
             SET_HIGH_WORD(ax, ix);

             /* compute s = s_h+s_l = (x-1)/(x+1) or (x-1.5)/(x+1.5) */
             u = ax - bp[k];    /* bp[0]=1.0, bp[1]=1.5 */
             v = one / (ax + bp[k]);
             s = u * v;
             s_h = s;
             SET_LOW_WORD(s_h, 0);
             /* t_h=ax+bp[k] High */
             t_h = zero;
             SET_HIGH_WORD(t_h,
                           ((ix >> 1) | 0x20000000) + 0x00080000 + (k << 18));
             t_l = ax - (t_h - bp[k]);
             s_l = v * ((u - s_h * t_h) - s_h * t_l);
             /* compute log(ax) */
             s2 = s * s;
             r = s2 * s2 * (L1 +
                            s2 * (L2 +
                                  s2 * (L3 +
                                        s2 * (L4 + s2 * (L5 + s2 * L6)))));
             r += s_l * (s_h + s);
             s2 = s_h * s_h;
             t_h = 3.0 + s2 + r;
             SET_LOW_WORD(t_h, 0);
             t_l = r - ((t_h - 3.0) - s2);
             /* u+v = s*(1+...) */
             u = s_h * t_h;
             v = s_l * t_h + t_l * s;
             /* 2/(3log2)*(s+...) */
             p_h = u + v;
             SET_LOW_WORD(p_h, 0);
             p_l = v - (p_h - u);
             z_h = cp_h * p_h;  /* cp_h+cp_l = 2/(3*log2) */
             z_l = cp_l * p_h + p_l * cp + dp_l[k];
             /* log2(ax) = (s+..)*2/(3*log2) = n + dp_h + z_h + z_l */
             t = (double) n;
             t1 = (((z_h + z_l) + dp_h[k]) + t);
             SET_LOW_WORD(t1, 0);
             t2 = z_l - (((t1 - t) - dp_h[k]) - z_h);
         }

         s = one;               /* s (sign of result -ve**odd) = -1 else = 1 */
         if (((((u_int32_t) hx >> 31) - 1) | (yisint - 1)) == 0)
             s = -one;          /* (-ve)**(odd int) */

         /* split up y into y1+y2 and compute (y1+y2)*(t1+t2) */
         y1 = y;
         SET_LOW_WORD(y1, 0);
         p_l = (y - y1) * t1 + y * t2;
         p_h = y1 * t1;
         z = p_l + p_h;
         EXTRACT_WORDS(j, i, z);
         if (j >= 0x40900000) { /* z >= 1024 */
             if (((j - 0x40900000) | i) != 0)   /* if z > 1024 */
                 return s * huge_val * huge_val;        /* overflow */
             else {
                 if (p_l + ovt > z - p_h)
                     return s * huge_val * huge_val;    /* overflow */
             }
         } else if ((j & 0x7fffffff) >= 0x4090cc00) {   /* z <= -1075 */
             if (((j - 0xc090cc00) | i) != 0)   /* z < -1075 */
                 return s * tiny * tiny;        /* underflow */
             else {
                 if (p_l <= z - p_h)
                     return s * tiny * tiny;    /* underflow */
             }
         }
         /*
          * compute 2**(p_h+p_l)
          */
         i = j & 0x7fffffff;
         k = (i >> 20) - 0x3ff;
         n = 0;
         if (i > 0x3fe00000) {  /* if |z| > 0.5, set n = [z+0.5] */
             n = j + (0x00100000 >> (k + 1));
             k = ((n & 0x7fffffff) >> 20) - 0x3ff;      /* new k for n */
             t = zero;
             SET_HIGH_WORD(t, n & ~(0x000fffff >> k));
             n = ((n & 0x000fffff) | 0x00100000) >> (20 - k);
             if (j < 0)
                 n = -n;
             p_h -= t;
         }
         t = p_l + p_h;
         SET_LOW_WORD(t, 0);
         u = t * lg2_h;
         v = (p_l - (t - p_h)) * lg2 + t * lg2_l;
         z = u + v;
         w = v - (z - u);
         t = z * z;
         t1 = z - t * (P1 + t * (P2 + t * (P3 + t * (P4 + t * P5))));
         r = (z * t1) / (t1 - two) - (w + z * w);
         z = one - (r - z);
         GET_HIGH_WORD(j, z);
         j += (n << 20);
         if ((j >> 20) <= 0)
             z = scalbn(z, n);  /* subnormal output */
         else
             SET_HIGH_WORD(z, j);
         return s * z;
     }