Mercurial > python-cmd2
annotate README.txt @ 93:f54e3e842f21
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| author | catherine@Elli.myhome.westell.com |
|---|---|
| date | Wed, 24 Sep 2008 05:44:08 -0400 |
| parents | a791d615545c |
| children |
| rev | line source |
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| 6 | 1 `cmd2` is a tool for writing command-line interactive applications. It is based on the Python Standard Library's `cmd` module, and can be used anyplace `cmd` is used simply by importing `cmd2` instead. |
| 2 | |
| 3 `cmd2` provides the following features, in addition to those already existing in `cmd`: | |
| 4 | |
| 5 - Searchable command history | |
| 6 - Load commands from file, save to file, edit commands in file | |
| 7 - Multi-line commands | |
| 8 - Case-insensitive commands | |
| 54 | 9 - Special-character shortcut commands (beyond cmd's `@` and `!`) |
| 6 | 10 - Settable environment parameters |
| 11 - Parsing commands with flags | |
| 54 | 12 - Redirection to file with `>`, `>>`; input from file with `<` |
| 13 - Bare '>', '>>' with no filename send output to paste buffer | |
| 14 - Pipe output to shell commands with `|` | |
| 6 | 15 |
| 16 Instructions for implementing each feature follow. | |
| 17 | |
| 18 - Searchable command history | |
| 19 | |
| 20 All commands will automatically be tracked in the session's history, unless the command is listed in Cmd's excludeFromHistory attribute. | |
| 21 The history is accessed through the `history`, `list`, and `run` commands | |
| 22 (and their abbreviations: `hi`, `li`, `l`, `r`). | |
| 23 If you wish to exclude some of your custom commands from the history, append their names | |
| 24 to the list at Cmd.ExcludeFromHistory. | |
| 25 | |
| 26 - Load commands from file, save to file, edit commands in file | |
| 27 | |
| 28 Type `help load`, `help save`, `help edit` for details. | |
| 29 | |
| 30 - Multi-line commands | |
| 31 | |
| 32 Any command accepts multi-line input when its name is listed in `Cmd.multilineCommands`. | |
| 33 The program will keep expecting input until a line ends with any of the characters | |
| 34 in `Cmd.terminators` . The default terminators are `;` and `/n` (empty newline). | |
| 35 | |
| 36 - Case-insensitive commands | |
| 37 | |
| 38 All commands are case-insensitive, unless `Cmd.caseInsensitive` is set to `False`. | |
| 39 | |
| 40 - Special-character shortcut commands (beyond cmd's "@" and "!") | |
| 41 | |
| 42 To create a single-character shortcut for a command, update `Cmd.shortcuts`. | |
| 43 | |
| 44 - Settable environment parameters | |
| 45 | |
| 46 To allow a user to change an environment parameter during program execution, | |
| 47 append the parameter's name to `Cmd.settable`. | |
| 48 | |
| 13 | 49 - Parsing commands with `optparse` options (flags) |
| 6 | 50 |
| 13 | 51 :: |
| 52 | |
| 17 | 53 @options([make_option('-m', '--myoption', action="store_true", help="all about my option")]) |
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54 def do_myfunc(self, arg, opts): |
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55 if opts.myoption: |
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56 ... |
| 13 | 57 |
| 58 See Python standard library's `optparse` documentation: http://docs.python.org/lib/optparse-defining-options.html | |
| 59 | |
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60 - Catherine Devlin, http://catherinedevlin.blogspot.com |
| 6 | 61 |
| 62 cmd2 can be installed with `easy_install cmd2` | |
| 63 | |
| 16 | 64 Cheese Shop page: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/cmd2 |
| 6 | 65 |
| 66 Example cmd2 application (cmd2_example.py) :: | |
| 67 | |
| 13 | 68 from cmd2 import Cmd, make_option, options |
| 69 | |
| 6 | 70 class CmdLineApp(Cmd): |
| 71 multilineCommands = ['orate'] | |
| 72 Cmd.shortcuts.update({'&': 'speak'}) | |
| 73 maxrepeats = 3 | |
| 13 | 74 Cmd.settable.append('maxrepeats') |
| 75 | |
| 76 @options([make_option('-p', '--piglatin', action="store_true", help="atinLay"), | |
| 77 make_option('-s', '--shout', action="store_true", help="N00B EMULATION MODE"), | |
| 78 make_option('-r', '--repeat', type="int", help="output [n] times") | |
| 79 ]) | |
| 80 def do_speak(self, arg, opts=None): | |
| 81 """Repeats what you tell me to.""" | |
| 82 arg = ' '.join(arg) | |
| 83 if opts.piglatin: | |
| 6 | 84 arg = '%s%say' % (arg[1:], arg[0]) |
| 13 | 85 if opts.shout: |
| 6 | 86 arg = arg.upper() |
| 13 | 87 repetitions = opts.repeat or 1 |
| 6 | 88 for i in range(min(repetitions, self.maxrepeats)): |
| 89 self.stdout.write(arg) | |
| 90 self.stdout.write('\n') | |
| 91 # self.stdout.write is better than "print", because Cmd can be | |
| 92 # initialized with a non-standard output destination | |
| 13 | 93 |
| 6 | 94 do_say = do_speak # now "say" is a synonym for "speak" |
| 95 do_orate = do_speak # another synonym, but this one takes multi-line input | |
| 13 | 96 |
| 6 | 97 app = CmdLineApp() |
| 98 app.cmdloop() | |
| 99 | |
| 100 Sample session using the above code :: | |
| 101 | |
| 102 c:\cmd2>python cmd2_example.py | |
| 103 (Cmd) speak softly | |
| 104 softly | |
| 105 (Cmd) speak --piglatin softly | |
| 106 oftlysay | |
| 107 (Cmd) speak -psr 2 softly | |
| 108 OFTLYSAY | |
| 109 OFTLYSAY | |
| 110 (Cmd) speak --repeat 1000000 softly | |
| 111 softly | |
| 112 softly | |
| 113 softly | |
| 114 (Cmd) show maxrepeats | |
| 115 maxrepeats: 3 | |
| 116 (Cmd) set maxrepeats 5 | |
| 117 maxrepeats - was: 3 | |
| 118 now: 5 | |
| 119 (Cmd) speak --repeat 1000000 softly | |
| 120 softly | |
| 121 softly | |
| 122 softly | |
| 123 softly | |
| 124 softly | |
| 125 (Cmd) orate blah blah | |
| 126 > blah | |
| 127 > and furthermore | |
| 128 > blah | |
| 129 > | |
| 130 blah blah blah and furthermore blah | |
| 131 (Cmd) &greetings | |
| 132 greetings | |
| 133 (Cmd) history | |
| 134 -------------------------[1] | |
| 135 speak softly | |
| 136 -------------------------[2] | |
| 137 speak --piglatin softly | |
| 138 -------------------------[3] | |
| 139 speak -psr 2 softly | |
| 140 -------------------------[4] | |
| 141 speak --repeat 1000000 softly | |
| 142 -------------------------[5] | |
| 143 show maxrepeats | |
| 144 -------------------------[6] | |
| 145 set maxrepeats 5 | |
| 146 -------------------------[7] | |
| 147 speak --repeat 1000000 softly | |
| 148 -------------------------[8] | |
| 149 orate blah blah | |
| 150 blah | |
| 151 and furthermore | |
| 152 blah | |
| 153 | |
| 154 -------------------------[9] | |
| 155 &greetings | |
| 156 (Cmd) run | |
| 157 orate blah blah | |
| 158 blah | |
| 159 and furthermore | |
| 160 blah | |
| 161 | |
| 162 blah blah blah and furthermore blah | |
| 163 (Cmd) run 3 | |
| 164 speak -psr 2 softly | |
| 165 OFTLYSAY | |
| 166 OFTLYSAY | |
| 167 (Cmd) history maxrepeats | |
| 168 -------------------------[5] | |
| 169 set maxrepeats | |
| 170 -------------------------[6] | |
| 171 set maxrepeats 5 | |
| 54 | 172 (Cmd) speak a dead parrot > pet.txt |
| 173 (Cmd) speak < pet.txt | |
| 174 a dead parrot | |
| 175 (Cmd) speak only resting | wc | |
| 176 1 2 13 | |
| 177 (Cmd) |