Mercurial > pylearn

annotate dataset.py @ 9:de616c423dbd

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Improving comments in dataset.py
author bengioy@esprit.iro.umontreal.ca
date Mon, 24 Mar 2008 16:52:47 -0400
parents d1c394486037
children be128b9127c8 88168361a5ab
rev   line source
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2cd82666b9a7 Added statscollector and started writing dataset and learner.
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1
2cd82666b9a7 Added statscollector and started writing dataset and learner.
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2
2cd82666b9a7 Added statscollector and started writing dataset and learner.
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3 class DataSet(object):
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3fddb1c8f955 Rewrote DataSet interface and created FiniteDataSet interface.
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4 """
3fddb1c8f955 Rewrote DataSet interface and created FiniteDataSet interface.
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5 This is a virtual base class or interface for datasets.
3fddb1c8f955 Rewrote DataSet interface and created FiniteDataSet interface.
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6 A dataset is basically an iterator over examples. It does not necessarily
3fddb1c8f955 Rewrote DataSet interface and created FiniteDataSet interface.
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7 have a fixed length (this is useful for 'streams' which feed on-line learning).
3fddb1c8f955 Rewrote DataSet interface and created FiniteDataSet interface.
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8 Datasets with fixed and known length are FiniteDataSet, a subclass of DataSet.
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d5738b79089a Removed MinibatchIterator and instead made minibatch_size a field of all DataSets,
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9 Examples and datasets optionally have named fields.
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3fddb1c8f955 Rewrote DataSet interface and created FiniteDataSet interface.
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10 One can obtain a sub-dataset by taking dataset.field or dataset(field1,field2,field3,...).
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11 Fields are not mutually exclusive, i.e. two fields can overlap in their actual content.
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12 The content of a field can be of any type, but often will be a numpy array.
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de616c423dbd Improving comments in dataset.py
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13 The minibatch_size attribute, if different than 1, means that the iterator (next() method)
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d5738b79089a Removed MinibatchIterator and instead made minibatch_size a field of all DataSets,
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14 returns not a single example but an array of length minibatch_size, i.e., an indexable
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de616c423dbd Improving comments in dataset.py
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15 object with minibatch_size examples in it.
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16 """
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17
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18 def __init__(self,minibatch_size=1):
d5738b79089a Removed MinibatchIterator and instead made minibatch_size a field of all DataSets,
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19 assert minibatch_size>0
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20 self.minibatch_size=minibatch_size
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21
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22 def __iter__(self):
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23 """
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24 Return an iterator, whose next() method returns the next example or the next
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25 minibatch in the dataset. A minibatch (of length > 1) should be something one
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
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26 can iterate on again in order to obtain the individual examples. If the dataset
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27 has fields, then the example or the minibatch must have the same fields
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de616c423dbd Improving comments in dataset.py
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28 (typically this is implemented by returning another smaller dataset, when
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d5738b79089a Removed MinibatchIterator and instead made minibatch_size a field of all DataSets,
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29 there are fields).
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30 """
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31 raise NotImplementedError
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32
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33 def __getattr__(self,fieldname):
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34 """Return a sub-dataset containing only the given fieldname as field."""
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35 return self(fieldname)
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36
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37 def __call__(self,*fieldnames):
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38 """Return a sub-dataset containing only the given fieldnames as fields."""
3fddb1c8f955 Rewrote DataSet interface and created FiniteDataSet interface.
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39 raise NotImplementedError
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40
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41 def fieldNames(self):
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42 """Return the list of field names that are supported by getattr and getFields."""
2cd82666b9a7 Added statscollector and started writing dataset and learner.
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43 raise NotImplementedError
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44
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45 class FiniteDataSet(DataSet):
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46 """
3fddb1c8f955 Rewrote DataSet interface and created FiniteDataSet interface.
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47 Virtual interface, a subclass of DataSet for datasets which have a finite, known length.
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48 Examples are indexed by an integer between 0 and self.length()-1,
3fddb1c8f955 Rewrote DataSet interface and created FiniteDataSet interface.
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49 and a subdataset can be obtained by slicing.
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50 """
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51
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52 def __init__(self,minibatch_size):
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53 DataSet.__init__(self,minibatch_size)
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54
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55 def __iter__(self):
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56 return FiniteDataSetIterator(self)
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57
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58 def __len__(self):
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59 """len(dataset) returns the number of examples in the dataset."""
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60 raise NotImplementedError
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61
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62 def __getitem__(self,i):
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63 """dataset[i] returns the (i+1)-th example of the dataset."""
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64 raise NotImplementedError
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65
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66 def __getslice__(self,*slice_args):
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67 """dataset[i:j] returns the subdataset with examples i,i+1,...,j-1."""
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68 raise NotImplementedError
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69
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70 class FiniteDataSetIterator(object):
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71 def __init__(self,dataset):
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72 self.dataset=dataset
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73 self.current = -self.dataset.minibatch_size
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74
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75 def next(self):
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76 """
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77 Return the next example(s) in the dataset. If self.dataset.minibatch_size>1 return that
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78 many examples. If the dataset has fields, the example or the minibatch of examples
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79 is just a minibatch_size-rows ArrayDataSet (so that the fields can be accessed),
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80 but that resulting mini-dataset has a minibatch_size of 1, so that one can iterate
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81 example-wise on it. On the other hand, if the dataset has no fields (e.g. because
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82 it is already the field of a bigger dataset), then the returned example or minibatch
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83 may be any indexable object, such as a numpy array. Following the array semantics of indexing
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84 and slicing, if the minibatch_size is 1 (and there are no fields), then the result is an array
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85 with one less dimension (e.g., a vector, if the dataset is a matrix), corresponding
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86 to a row. Again, if the minibatch_size is >1, one can iterate on the result to
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87 obtain individual examples (as rows).
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88 """
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89 self.current+=self.dataset.minibatch_size
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90 if self.current>=len(self.dataset):
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91 self.current=-self.dataset.minibatch_size
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92 raise StopIteration
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93 if self.dataset.minibatch_size==1:
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94 return self.dataset[self.current]
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95 else:
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96 return self.dataset[self.current:self.current+self.dataset.minibatch_size]
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97
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98
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99 # we may want ArrayDataSet defined in another python file
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100
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101 import numpy
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102
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103 class ArrayDataSet(FiniteDataSet):
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104 """
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105 An ArrayDataSet behaves like a numpy array but adds the notion of fields
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106 and minibatch_size from DataSet. It is a fixed-length and fixed-width dataset
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107 in which each element is a numpy array or a number, hence the whole
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108 dataset corresponds to a numpy array. Fields
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109 must correspond to a slice of array columns. If the dataset has fields,
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110 each 'example' is just a one-row ArrayDataSet, otherwise it is a numpy array.
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111 Any dataset can also be converted to a numpy array (losing the notion of fields
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112 and of minibatch_size) by the numpy.array(dataset) call.
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113 """
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114
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115 def __init__(self,dataset=None,data=None,fields={},minibatch_size=1):
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116 """
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117 There are two ways to construct an ArrayDataSet: (1) from an
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118 existing dataset (which may result in a copy of the data in a numpy array),
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119 or (2) from a numpy.array (the data argument), along with an optional description
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120 of the fields (dictionary of column slices indexed by field names).
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121 """
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122 FiniteDataSet.__init__(self,minibatch_size)
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123 if dataset!=None:
3
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
124 assert data==None and fields=={}
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
125 # convert dataset to an ArrayDataSet
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
126 raise NotImplementedError
4
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 3
diff changeset
127 if data!=None:
3
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
128 assert dataset==None
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
129 self.data=data
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
130 self.fields=fields
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
131 self.width = data.shape[1]
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
132 for fieldname in fields:
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
133 fieldslice=fields[fieldname]
4
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 3
diff changeset
134 # make sure fieldslice.start and fieldslice.step are defined
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 3
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135 start=fieldslice.start
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 3
diff changeset
136 step=fieldslice.step
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 3
diff changeset
137 if not start:
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 3
diff changeset
138 start=0
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 3
diff changeset
139 if not step:
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 3
diff changeset
140 step=1
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 3
diff changeset
141 if not fieldslice.start or not fieldslice.step:
7
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
142 fields[fieldname] = fieldslice = slice(start,fieldslice.stop,step)
4
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 3
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143 # and coherent with the data array
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 3
diff changeset
144 assert fieldslice.start>=0 and fieldslice.stop<=self.width
6
d5738b79089a Removed MinibatchIterator and instead made minibatch_size a field of all DataSets,
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 5
diff changeset
145 assert minibatch_size<=len(self.data)
3
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
146
7
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
147 def __getattr__(self,fieldname):
4
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
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diff changeset
148 """
7
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
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149 Return a numpy array with the content associated with the given field name.
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
150 If this is a one-example dataset, then a row, i.e., numpy array (of one less dimension
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
151 than the dataset.data) is returned.
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
152 """
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
153 if len(self.data)==1:
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
154 return self.data[0,self.fields[fieldname]]
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
155 return self.data[:,self.fields[fieldname]]
3
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
156
378b68d5c4ad Added first (untested) version of ArrayDataSet
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
157 def __call__(self,*fieldnames):
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
158 """Return a sub-dataset containing only the given fieldnames as fields."""
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
159 min_col=self.data.shape[1]
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
160 max_col=0
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
161 for field_slice in self.fields.values():
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
162 min_col=min(min_col,field_slice.start)
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
163 max_col=max(max_col,field_slice.stop)
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
164 new_fields={}
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
165 for field in self.fields:
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
166 new_fields[field[0]]=slice(field[1].start-min_col,field[1].stop-min_col,field[1].step)
6
d5738b79089a Removed MinibatchIterator and instead made minibatch_size a field of all DataSets,
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 5
diff changeset
167 return ArrayDataSet(data=self.data[:,min_col:max_col],fields=new_fields,minibatch_size=self.minibatch_size)
3
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
168
378b68d5c4ad Added first (untested) version of ArrayDataSet
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
169 def fieldNames(self):
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
170 """Return the list of field names that are supported by getattr and getFields."""
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
171 return self.fields.keys()
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
172
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
173 def __len__(self):
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
174 """len(dataset) returns the number of examples in the dataset."""
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
175 return len(self.data)
1
2cd82666b9a7 Added statscollector and started writing dataset and learner.
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parents: 0
diff changeset
176
3
378b68d5c4ad Added first (untested) version of ArrayDataSet
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
177 def __getitem__(self,i):
378b68d5c4ad Added first (untested) version of ArrayDataSet
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
178 """
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
179 dataset[i] returns the (i+1)-th example of the dataset. If the dataset has fields
378b68d5c4ad Added first (untested) version of ArrayDataSet
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
180 then a one-example dataset is returned (to be able to handle example.field accesses).
378b68d5c4ad Added first (untested) version of ArrayDataSet
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
181 """
378b68d5c4ad Added first (untested) version of ArrayDataSet
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
182 if self.fields:
378b68d5c4ad Added first (untested) version of ArrayDataSet
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
183 if isinstance(i,slice):
378b68d5c4ad Added first (untested) version of ArrayDataSet
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
184 return ArrayDataSet(data=data[slice],fields=self.fields)
378b68d5c4ad Added first (untested) version of ArrayDataSet
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
185 return ArrayDataSet(data=self.data[i:i+1],fields=self.fields)
378b68d5c4ad Added first (untested) version of ArrayDataSet
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
186 else:
7
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
187 return self.data[i]
3
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
188
378b68d5c4ad Added first (untested) version of ArrayDataSet
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
189 def __getslice__(self,*slice_args):
378b68d5c4ad Added first (untested) version of ArrayDataSet
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
190 """dataset[i:j] returns the subdataset with examples i,i+1,...,j-1."""
6
d5738b79089a Removed MinibatchIterator and instead made minibatch_size a field of all DataSets,
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 5
diff changeset
191 return ArrayDataSet(data=self.data[apply(slice,slice_args)],fields=self.fields)
3
378b68d5c4ad Added first (untested) version of ArrayDataSet
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 2
diff changeset
192
8
d1c394486037 Replaced asarray() method by __array__ method which gets called automatically when
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 7
diff changeset
193 def __array__(self):
7
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
194 if not self.fields:
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
195 return self.data
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
196 # else, select subsets of columns mapped by the fields
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
197 columns_used = numpy.zeros((self.data.shape[1]),dtype=bool)
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
198 for field_slice in self.fields.values():
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
199 for c in xrange(field_slice.start,field_slice.stop,field_slice.step):
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
200 columns_used[c]=True
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
201 # try to figure out if we can map all the slices into one slice:
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
202 mappable_to_one_slice = True
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bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
203 start=0
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
204 while start<len(columns_used) and not columns_used[start]:
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
205 start+=1
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
206 stop=len(columns_used)
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
207 while stop>0 and not columns_used[stop-1]:
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
208 stop-=1
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
209 step=0
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
210 i=start
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
211 while i<stop:
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
212 j=i+1
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
213 while j<stop and not columns_used[j]:
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
214 j+=1
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
215 if step:
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
216 if step!=j-i:
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
217 mappable_to_one_slice = False
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
218 break
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
219 else:
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
220 step = j-i
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
221 i=j
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
222 if mappable_to_one_slice:
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
223 return self.data[:,slice(start,stop,step)]
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
224 # else make contiguous copy
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
225 n_columns = sum(columns_used)
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
226 result = zeros((len(self.data),n_columns)+self.data.shape[2:],self.data.dtype)
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
227 print result.shape
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
228 c=0
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
229 for field_slice in self.fields.values():
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
230 slice_width=field_slice.stop-field_slice.start/field_slice.step
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
231 # copy the field here
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
232 result[:,slice(c,slice_width)]=self.data[:,field_slice]
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
233 c+=slice_width
6f8f338686db Moved iterating counter into a FiniteDataSetIterator to allow embedded iterations and multiple threads iterating at the same time on a dataset.
bengioy@bengiomac.local
parents: 6
diff changeset
234 return result