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annotate cos/kernel/goto64.asm @ 28:47b7df514243

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Moved Makefiles
author windel
date Wed, 28 Dec 2011 13:38:43 +0100
parents d8627924d40d
children 3a6a9b929db0
rev   line source
9
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1 ;#!/usr/bin/nasm
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2
92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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3 ;
92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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4 ; See http://wiki.osdev.org/User:Stephanvanschaik/Setting_Up_Long_Mode
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5 ; Loader assembly to load the 64 bits kernel just after this file.
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6
92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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7 ; Assume that we are loaded at 1M (0x100000)
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8
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9 ; This file sets up long mode and creates paging tables.
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10 ; Use 2 mbyte pages. Is this more efficient?
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11
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12 ; Intended memory map (copied from pure64), at the end of this file:
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13 ; MOVED TO 0x5000!! 0x0 : IDT, 256 entries
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14 ; 0x1000 - 0x2000 : PML4 (Page map level 4)
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15 ; 0x2000 - 0x3000 : PDPT (page directory pointer table)
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16 ; 0x3000 - 0x4000 : PDT (page directory table)
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17 ; 0x4000 - 0x5000 : PT (page table)
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18 ; 0x5000 - 0x6000 : IDT entries
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19 ; 0x6000 - 0xA000 : Stack
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20
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21 ; panic macro to debug on real hardware
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22 %macro DOPANIC 1
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23 mov al, %1
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24 mov edi, 0xb8000
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25 stosb
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26 xchg bx,bx
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27 hlt
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28 %endmacro
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29
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30 bits 32 ; Start in 32 bits mode, as loaded by GRUB
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31
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32 ; Multiboot header:
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33 ; Settings for multiboot header
92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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34 PAGE_ALIGN equ 1 << 0
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35 MEM_INFO equ 1 << 1
92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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36 KLUDGE equ 1 << 16
92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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37 MAGIC equ 0x1BADB002
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38 FLAGS equ PAGE_ALIGN | MEM_INFO | KLUDGE ; align and provide memory map
92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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39 CHECKSUM equ -(MAGIC+FLAGS)
92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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40
92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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41 ; actual multiboot header:
92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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42 align 4
92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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43 MultiBootHeader:
92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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44 dd MAGIC
92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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45 dd FLAGS
92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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46 dd CHECKSUM
92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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47 ; item below are present if bit 16 is set in flags
92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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48 dd MultiBootHeader ; physical address in file of header (will be 0x100000 if put at start)
92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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49 dd 0x100000 ; load_addr: load address, the address to start loading
92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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50 dd 0x0 ; load_end_addr: zero indicates to load whole file
92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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51 dd 0x0 ; bss_end_addr: zero indicates no bss segment present
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52 dd loader ; entry_addr: jump to here
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53
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54 ; 32 bits temporary GDT:
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55 align 16
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56 gdt32:
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57 dw 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000 ; Null desciptor
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58 dw 0xFFFF, 0x0000, 0x9A00, 0x00CF ; 32-bit code desciptor
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59 dw 0xFFFF, 0x0000, 0x9200, 0x008F ; 32-bit data desciptor
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60 gdt32_end:
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61
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62 ; 32 bits gdt pointer:
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63 align 16
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64 gdt32pointer: ; Global Descriptors Table Register
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65 dw gdt32_end - gdt32 - 1 ; limit of GDT (size minus one)
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66 dq gdt32 ; linear address of GDT
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67
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68 ; GDT, three entries: one for code, one for data
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69 align 16
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70 gdt64:
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71 .Null: equ $ - gdt64
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72 dq 0
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73 .Code: equ $ - gdt64
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74 dw 0 ; Segment limit 15-0
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75 dw 0 ; Base 15 - 0
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76 db 0 ; Base 23 - 16
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77 db 10011000b ; access 0x98 (P=1 => Present)
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78 db 00100000b ; granularity 0x20 (L=1 => long mode)
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79 db 0
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80 .Data: equ $ - gdt64
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92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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81 dw 0
92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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82 dw 0
92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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83 db 0
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84 db 10010000b ; access ; 0x90
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85 db 00000000b ; granularity 0x00
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92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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86 db 0
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87 gdt64end:
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88
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89 ;SYS64_NULL_SEL equ $-gdt64 ; Null Segment
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90 ; dq 0x0000000000000000
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91 ; SYS64_CODE_SEL equ $-gdt64 ; Code segment, read/execute, nonconforming
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92 ; dq 0x0020980000000000 ; 0x00209A0000000000
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93 ; SYS64_DATA_SEL equ $-gdt64 ; Data segment, read/write, expand down
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94 ; dq 0x0000900000000000 ; 0x0020920000000000
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95 ; gdt64_end:
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96
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97 gdt64pointer: ; GDT pointer
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98 dw gdt64end - gdt64 - 1 ; Limit (size)
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99 dq gdt64 ; Base
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100
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101 hltmessage:
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102 db "Long mode not supported", 0x0
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103
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92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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104 ; Start of loader code:
92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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105 loader:
92ace1ca50a8 64 bits kernel without interrupts but with printf in C
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106
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107 ; Check that the CPU supports long mode:
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108 mov eax, 80000000h
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109 cpuid
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110 cmp eax, 80000000h
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111 jbe no_long_mode
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112 mov eax, 80000001h
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113 cpuid
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114 bt edx, 29
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115 jnc no_long_mode
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116 jmp cpu_has_long_mode
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117
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118 no_long_mode:
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119 ; Print long mode not supported
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120 mov edi, 0xb8000
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121 mov esi, hltmessage
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122 xor eax, eax
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123 loop1:
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124 lodsb
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125 mov dl, al
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126 stosb
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127 mov al, 0x1f
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128 stosb
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129 cmp dl, 0
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130 jne loop1
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131 hlt
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132
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133 cpu_has_long_mode:
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134
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135 lgdt [gdt32pointer] ; Reload a valid temporary 32 bits GDT, overload GRUB gdt.
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136 mov ax, 0x10
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137 mov ds, ax
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138 mov es, ax
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139 mov fs, ax
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140 mov gs, ax
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141 mov ss, ax
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142 jmp 8:start32 ; make sure CS is loaded.
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143 start32:
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144
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145 cld ; clear direction?
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146
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147 ; Clear the paging tables 0x1000, 0x2000, 0x3000 and 0x4000:
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148 mov edi, 0x1000
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149 xor eax, eax
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150 mov ecx, 0x1000
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151 rep stosd
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152
20
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153 ; Create PML4 table:
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154 mov edi, 0x1000
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155 mov eax, 0x2003
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156 stosd
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157
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158 ; Create PDP (page directory pointer) table:
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159 mov edi, 0x2000
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160 mov eax, 0x3003 ; PDPT entry, present and read/write
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161 stosd
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162
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163 ; Create PD (page directory) table
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164 mov edi, 0x3000
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165 ; First entry:
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166 mov eax, 0x8F ; PD entry, present (bit 0), read write (bit 1) and bit 7, page size=2MB
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167 stosd
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168 xor eax, eax
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169 stosd
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170
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171 ; Second entry:
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172 mov eax, 0x20008f
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173 stosd
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174 xor eax, eax
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175 stosd
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176
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177 ; Third entry:
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178 mov eax, 0x40008f
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179 stosd
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180 xor eax, eax
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181 stosd
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182 ; 6 MB mapped in total now.
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183
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184 mov edi, 0x1000 ; Set load address
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185 mov cr3, edi ; CR3 is the PML4 base address!
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187 ; Enable address extension:
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188 mov eax, cr4
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189 or eax, 1 << 5 ; PAE-bit is bit 5
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190 mov cr4, eax
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191
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192 lgdt [gdt64pointer] ; Load the GDT
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193
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194 ; Set LM-bit (Long Mode bit):
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195 mov ecx, 0xC0000080
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196 rdmsr
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197 or eax, 0x100 ; Set bit 8 (LM-bit)
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198 wrmsr
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199
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200 ; Enable paging:
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201 mov eax, cr0
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202 or eax, 0x80000000 ; Set bit 31 (PG-bit)
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203 mov cr0, eax
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204
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205 ; Jump to 64 bits kernel:
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206 jmp gdt64.Code:Realm64
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207
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208 bits 64
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209 align 16
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210
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211 Realm64:
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212
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213 ; Clear segment registers:
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214 xor ax, ax
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215 mov ds, ax
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216 mov es, ax
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217 mov ss, ax
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218 mov fs, ax
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219 mov gs, ax
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220
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221 lgdt [gdt64pointer] ; Reload GDT in 64 bits mode
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222
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223 mov rsp, 0xA000 ; Setup stack pointer.
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224
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225 extern kmain
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226 call kmain ; Call kernel in C-code
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227