annotate baseline/conv_mlp/convolutional_mlp.py @ 572:7ee0e41dd3d5

gone through all
author Yoshua Bengio <bengioy@iro.umontreal.ca>
date Fri, 06 Aug 2010 15:12:01 -0400
parents d41fe003fade
children
rev   line source
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1 """
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2 This tutorial introduces the LeNet5 neural network architecture using Theano. LeNet5 is a
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3 convolutional neural network, good for classifying images. This tutorial shows how to build the
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4 architecture, and comes with all the hyper-parameters you need to reproduce the paper's MNIST
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5 results.
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6
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7 The best results are obtained after X iterations of the main program loop, which takes ***
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8 minutes on my workstation (an Intel Core i7, circa July 2009), and *** minutes on my GPU (an
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9 NVIDIA GTX 285 graphics processor).
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10
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11 This implementation simplifies the model in the following ways:
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12
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13 - LeNetConvPool doesn't implement location-specific gain and bias parameters
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14 - LeNetConvPool doesn't implement pooling by average, it implements pooling by max.
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15 - Digit classification is implemented with a logistic regression rather than an RBF network
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16 - LeNet5 was not fully-connected convolutions at second layer
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17
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18 References:
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19 - Y. LeCun, L. Bottou, Y. Bengio and P. Haffner: Gradient-Based Learning Applied to Document
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20 Recognition, Proceedings of the IEEE, 86(11):2278-2324, November 1998.
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21 http://yann.lecun.com/exdb/publis/pdf/lecun-98.pdf
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22 """
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23
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24 import numpy, theano, cPickle, gzip, time
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25 import theano.tensor as T
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26 import theano.sandbox.softsign
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27 import sys
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28 import pylearn.datasets.MNIST
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29 from pylearn.io import filetensor as ft
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30 from theano.sandbox import conv, downsample
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31
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32 from ift6266 import datasets
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33 import theano,pylearn.version,ift6266
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34
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35 class LeNetConvPoolLayer(object):
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36
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37 def __init__(self, rng, input, filter_shape, image_shape, poolsize=(2,2)):
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38 """
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39 Allocate a LeNetConvPoolLayer with shared variable internal parameters.
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40 :type rng: numpy.random.RandomState
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41 :param rng: a random number generator used to initialize weights
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42 :type input: theano.tensor.dtensor4
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43 :param input: symbolic image tensor, of shape image_shape
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44 :type filter_shape: tuple or list of length 4
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45 :param filter_shape: (number of filters, num input feature maps,
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46 filter height,filter width)
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47 :type image_shape: tuple or list of length 4
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48 :param image_shape: (batch size, num input feature maps,
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49 image height, image width)
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50 :type poolsize: tuple or list of length 2
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51 :param poolsize: the downsampling (pooling) factor (#rows,#cols)
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52 """
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53 assert image_shape[1]==filter_shape[1]
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54 self.input = input
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55
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56 # initialize weight values: the fan-in of each hidden neuron is
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57 # restricted by the size of the receptive fields.
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58 fan_in = numpy.prod(filter_shape[1:])
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59 W_values = numpy.asarray( rng.uniform( \
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60 low = -numpy.sqrt(3./fan_in), \
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61 high = numpy.sqrt(3./fan_in), \
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62 size = filter_shape), dtype = theano.config.floatX)
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63 self.W = theano.shared(value = W_values)
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64
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65 # the bias is a 1D tensor -- one bias per output feature map
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66 b_values = numpy.zeros((filter_shape[0],), dtype= theano.config.floatX)
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67 self.b = theano.shared(value= b_values)
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68
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69 # convolve input feature maps with filters
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70 conv_out = conv.conv2d(input, self.W,
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71 filter_shape=filter_shape, image_shape=image_shape)
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72
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73 # downsample each feature map individually, using maxpooling
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74 pooled_out = downsample.max_pool2D(conv_out, poolsize, ignore_border=True)
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75
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76 # add the bias term. Since the bias is a vector (1D array), we first
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77 # reshape it to a tensor of shape (1,n_filters,1,1). Each bias will thus
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78 # be broadcasted across mini-batches and feature map width & height
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79 self.output = T.tanh(pooled_out + self.b.dimshuffle('x', 0, 'x', 'x'))
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80
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81 # store parameters of this layer
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82 self.params = [self.W, self.b]
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83
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84
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85 class SigmoidalLayer(object):
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86 def __init__(self, rng, input, n_in, n_out):
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87 """
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88 Typical hidden layer of a MLP: units are fully-connected and have
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89 sigmoidal activation function. Weight matrix W is of shape (n_in,n_out)
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90 and the bias vector b is of shape (n_out,).
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91
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92 Hidden unit activation is given by: sigmoid(dot(input,W) + b)
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93
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94 :type rng: numpy.random.RandomState
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95 :param rng: a random number generator used to initialize weights
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96 :type input: theano.tensor.dmatrix
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97 :param input: a symbolic tensor of shape (n_examples, n_in)
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98 :type n_in: int
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99 :param n_in: dimensionality of input
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100 :type n_out: int
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101 :param n_out: number of hidden units
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102 """
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103 self.input = input
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104
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105 W_values = numpy.asarray( rng.uniform( \
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106 low = -numpy.sqrt(6./(n_in+n_out)), \
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107 high = numpy.sqrt(6./(n_in+n_out)), \
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108 size = (n_in, n_out)), dtype = theano.config.floatX)
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109 self.W = theano.shared(value = W_values)
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110
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111 b_values = numpy.zeros((n_out,), dtype= theano.config.floatX)
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112 self.b = theano.shared(value= b_values)
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113
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114 self.output = T.tanh(T.dot(input, self.W) + self.b)
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115 self.params = [self.W, self.b]
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116
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117
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118 class LogisticRegression(object):
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119 """Multi-class Logistic Regression Class
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120
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121 The logistic regression is fully described by a weight matrix :math:`W`
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122 and bias vector :math:`b`. Classification is done by projecting data
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123 points onto a set of hyperplanes, the distance to which is used to
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124 determine a class membership probability.
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125 """
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126
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127 def __init__(self, input, n_in, n_out):
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128 """ Initialize the parameters of the logistic regression
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129 :param input: symbolic variable that describes the input of the
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130 architecture (one minibatch)
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131 :type n_in: int
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132 :param n_in: number of input units, the dimension of the space in
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133 which the datapoints lie
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134 :type n_out: int
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135 :param n_out: number of output units, the dimension of the space in
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136 which the labels lie
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137 """
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138
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139 # initialize with 0 the weights W as a matrix of shape (n_in, n_out)
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140 self.W = theano.shared( value=numpy.zeros((n_in,n_out),
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141 dtype = theano.config.floatX) )
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142 # initialize the baises b as a vector of n_out 0s
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143 self.b = theano.shared( value=numpy.zeros((n_out,),
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144 dtype = theano.config.floatX) )
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145 # compute vector of class-membership probabilities in symbolic form
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146 self.p_y_given_x = T.nnet.softmax(T.dot(input, self.W)+self.b)
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147
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148 # compute prediction as class whose probability is maximal in
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149 # symbolic form
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150 self.y_pred=T.argmax(self.p_y_given_x, axis=1)
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151
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152 # list of parameters for this layer
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153 self.params = [self.W, self.b]
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154
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155 def negative_log_likelihood(self, y):
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156 """Return the mean of the negative log-likelihood of the prediction
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157 of this model under a given target distribution.
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158 :param y: corresponds to a vector that gives for each example the
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159 correct label
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160 Note: we use the mean instead of the sum so that
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161 the learning rate is less dependent on the batch size
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162 """
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163 return -T.mean(T.log(self.p_y_given_x)[T.arange(y.shape[0]),y])
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164
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165 def errors(self, y):
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166 """Return a float representing the number of errors in the minibatch
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167 over the total number of examples of the minibatch ; zero one
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168 loss over the size of the minibatch
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169 """
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170 # check if y has same dimension of y_pred
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171 if y.ndim != self.y_pred.ndim:
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172 raise TypeError('y should have the same shape as self.y_pred',
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173 ('y', target.type, 'y_pred', self.y_pred.type))
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174
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175 # check if y is of the correct datatype
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176 if y.dtype.startswith('int'):
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177 # the T.neq operator returns a vector of 0s and 1s, where 1
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178 # represents a mistake in prediction
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179 return T.mean(T.neq(self.y_pred, y))
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180 else:
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181 raise NotImplementedError()
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182
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183
270
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184 def evaluate_lenet5(learning_rate=0.1, n_iter=200, batch_size=20, n_kern0=20, n_kern1=50, n_layer=3, filter_shape0=5, filter_shape1=5, sigmoide_size=500, dataset='mnist.pkl.gz'):
146
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185 rng = numpy.random.RandomState(23455)
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186
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187 print 'Before load dataset'
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188 dataset=datasets.nist_digits
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189 train_batches= dataset.train(batch_size)
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190 valid_batches=dataset.valid(batch_size)
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191 test_batches=dataset.test(batch_size)
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192 #print valid_batches.shape
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193 #print test_batches.shape
146
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194 print 'After load dataset'
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195
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196 ishape = (32,32) # this is the size of NIST images
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197 n_kern2=80
253
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198 n_kern3=100
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199 if n_layer==4:
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200 filter_shape1=3
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201 filter_shape2=3
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202 if n_layer==5:
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203 filter_shape0=4
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204 filter_shape1=2
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205 filter_shape2=2
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206 filter_shape3=2
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207
146
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208
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209 # allocate symbolic variables for the data
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210 x = T.matrix('x') # rasterized images
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211 y = T.lvector() # the labels are presented as 1D vector of [long int] labels
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212
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213
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214 ######################
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215 # BUILD ACTUAL MODEL #
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216 ######################
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217
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218 # Reshape matrix of rasterized images of shape (batch_size,28*28)
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219 # to a 4D tensor, compatible with our LeNetConvPoolLayer
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220 layer0_input = x.reshape((batch_size,1,32,32))
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221
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222 # Construct the first convolutional pooling layer:
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223 # filtering reduces the image size to (32-5+1,32-5+1)=(28,28)
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224 # maxpooling reduces this further to (28/2,28/2) = (14,14)
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225 # 4D output tensor is thus of shape (20,20,14,14)
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226 layer0 = LeNetConvPoolLayer(rng, input=layer0_input,
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227 image_shape=(batch_size,1,32,32),
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228 filter_shape=(n_kern0,1,filter_shape0,filter_shape0), poolsize=(2,2))
146
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229
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230 if(n_layer>2):
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231
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232 # Construct the second convolutional pooling layer
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233 # filtering reduces the image size to (14-5+1,14-5+1)=(10,10)
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234 # maxpooling reduces this further to (10/2,10/2) = (5,5)
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235 # 4D output tensor is thus of shape (20,50,5,5)
253
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236 fshape0=(32-filter_shape0+1)/2
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237 layer1 = LeNetConvPoolLayer(rng, input=layer0.output,
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238 image_shape=(batch_size,n_kern0,fshape0,fshape0),
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239 filter_shape=(n_kern1,n_kern0,filter_shape1,filter_shape1), poolsize=(2,2))
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240
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241 else:
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242
253
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243 fshape0=(32-filter_shape0+1)/2
146
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244 layer1_input = layer0.output.flatten(2)
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245 # construct a fully-connected sigmoidal layer
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246 layer1 = SigmoidalLayer(rng, input=layer1_input,n_in=n_kern0*fshape0*fshape0, n_out=sigmoide_size)
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247
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248 layer2 = LogisticRegression(input=layer1.output, n_in=sigmoide_size, n_out=10)
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249 cost = layer2.negative_log_likelihood(y)
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250 test_model = theano.function([x,y], layer2.errors(y))
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251 params = layer2.params+ layer1.params + layer0.params
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252
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253
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254 if(n_layer>3):
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255
253
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256 fshape0=(32-filter_shape0+1)/2
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257 fshape1=(fshape0-filter_shape1+1)/2
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258 layer2 = LeNetConvPoolLayer(rng, input=layer1.output,
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259 image_shape=(batch_size,n_kern1,fshape1,fshape1),
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260 filter_shape=(n_kern2,n_kern1,filter_shape2,filter_shape2), poolsize=(2,2))
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261
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262 if(n_layer>4):
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263
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264
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265 fshape0=(32-filter_shape0+1)/2
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266 fshape1=(fshape0-filter_shape1+1)/2
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267 fshape2=(fshape1-filter_shape2+1)/2
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268 fshape3=(fshape2-filter_shape3+1)/2
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269 layer3 = LeNetConvPoolLayer(rng, input=layer2.output,
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270 image_shape=(batch_size,n_kern2,fshape2,fshape2),
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271 filter_shape=(n_kern3,n_kern2,filter_shape3,filter_shape3), poolsize=(2,2))
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272
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273 layer4_input = layer3.output.flatten(2)
146
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274
253
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275 layer4 = SigmoidalLayer(rng, input=layer4_input,
270
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276 n_in=n_kern3*fshape3*fshape3, n_out=sigmoide_size)
253
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277
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278
270
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279 layer5 = LogisticRegression(input=layer4.output, n_in=sigmoide_size, n_out=10)
253
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280
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281 cost = layer5.negative_log_likelihood(y)
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282
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283 test_model = theano.function([x,y], layer5.errors(y))
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284
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285 params = layer5.params+ layer4.params+ layer3.params+ layer2.params+ layer1.params + layer0.params
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286
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287 elif(n_layer>3):
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288
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289 fshape0=(32-filter_shape0+1)/2
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290 fshape1=(fshape0-filter_shape1+1)/2
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291 fshape2=(fshape1-filter_shape2+1)/2
146
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292 layer3_input = layer2.output.flatten(2)
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293
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294 layer3 = SigmoidalLayer(rng, input=layer3_input,
270
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295 n_in=n_kern2*fshape2*fshape2, n_out=sigmoide_size)
146
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296
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297
270
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298 layer4 = LogisticRegression(input=layer3.output, n_in=sigmoide_size, n_out=10)
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299
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300 cost = layer4.negative_log_likelihood(y)
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301
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302 test_model = theano.function([x,y], layer4.errors(y))
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303
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304 params = layer4.params+ layer3.params+ layer2.params+ layer1.params + layer0.params
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305
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306
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307 elif(n_layer>2):
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308
253
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309 fshape0=(32-filter_shape0+1)/2
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310 fshape1=(fshape0-filter_shape1+1)/2
146
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311
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312 # the SigmoidalLayer being fully-connected, it operates on 2D matrices of
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313 # shape (batch_size,num_pixels) (i.e matrix of rasterized images).
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314 # This will generate a matrix of shape (20,32*4*4) = (20,512)
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315 layer2_input = layer1.output.flatten(2)
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316
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317 # construct a fully-connected sigmoidal layer
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318 layer2 = SigmoidalLayer(rng, input=layer2_input,
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319 n_in=n_kern1*fshape1*fshape1, n_out=sigmoide_size)
146
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320
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321
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322 # classify the values of the fully-connected sigmoidal layer
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323 layer3 = LogisticRegression(input=layer2.output, n_in=sigmoide_size, n_out=10)
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324
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325 # the cost we minimize during training is the NLL of the model
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326 cost = layer3.negative_log_likelihood(y)
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327
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328 # create a function to compute the mistakes that are made by the model
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329 test_model = theano.function([x,y], layer3.errors(y))
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330
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331 # create a list of all model parameters to be fit by gradient descent
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332 params = layer3.params+ layer2.params+ layer1.params + layer0.params
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333
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334
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335
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336
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337
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338 # create a list of gradients for all model parameters
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339 grads = T.grad(cost, params)
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340
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341 # train_model is a function that updates the model parameters by SGD
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342 # Since this model has many parameters, it would be tedious to manually
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343 # create an update rule for each model parameter. We thus create the updates
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344 # dictionary by automatically looping over all (params[i],grads[i]) pairs.
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345 updates = {}
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346 for param_i, grad_i in zip(params, grads):
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347 updates[param_i] = param_i - learning_rate * grad_i
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348 train_model = theano.function([x, y], cost, updates=updates)
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349
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350
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351 ###############
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352 # TRAIN MODEL #
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353 ###############
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354
270
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355 #n_minibatches = len(train_batches)
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356 n_minibatches=0
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357 n_valid=0
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358 n_test=0
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359 for x, y in dataset.train(batch_size):
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360 if x.shape[0] == batch_size:
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361 n_minibatches+=1
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362 n_minibatches*=batch_size
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363 print n_minibatches
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364
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365 for x, y in dataset.valid(batch_size):
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diff changeset
366 if x.shape[0] == batch_size:
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367 n_valid+=1
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368 n_valid*=batch_size
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369 print n_valid
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370
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diff changeset
371 for x, y in dataset.test(batch_size):
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diff changeset
372 if x.shape[0] == batch_size:
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diff changeset
373 n_test+=1
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374 n_test*=batch_size
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375 print n_test
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376
146
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377
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378 # early-stopping parameters
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379 patience = 10000 # look as this many examples regardless
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380 patience_increase = 2 # wait this much longer when a new best is
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381 # found
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382 improvement_threshold = 0.995 # a relative improvement of this much is
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383 # considered significant
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384 validation_frequency = n_minibatches # go through this many
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385 # minibatche before checking the network
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386 # on the validation set; in this case we
33038ab4e799 Reseau a convolution
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387 # check every epoch
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388
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389 best_params = None
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390 best_validation_loss = float('inf')
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diff changeset
391 best_iter = 0
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diff changeset
392 test_score = 0.
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diff changeset
393 start_time = time.clock()
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diff changeset
394
33038ab4e799 Reseau a convolution
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395
270
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396 # have a maximum of `n_iter` iterations through the entire dataset
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397 iter=0
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398 for epoch in xrange(n_iter):
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399 for x, y in train_batches:
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diff changeset
400 if x.shape[0] != batch_size:
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diff changeset
401 continue
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diff changeset
402 iter+=1
146
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403
270
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404 # get epoch and minibatch index
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405 #epoch = iter / n_minibatches
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diff changeset
406 minibatch_index = iter % n_minibatches
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diff changeset
407
d41fe003fade Reseau a convolution avec le bon dataset
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diff changeset
408 if iter %100 == 0:
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409 print 'training @ iter = ', iter
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410 cost_ij = train_model(x,y)
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411
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412
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413 # compute zero-one loss on validation set
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414 this_validation_loss = 0.
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415 for x,y in valid_batches:
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416 if x.shape[0] != batch_size:
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417 continue
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418 # sum up the errors for each minibatch
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419 this_validation_loss += test_model(x,y)
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420
270
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421 # get the average by dividing with the number of minibatches
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422 this_validation_loss /= n_valid
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423 print('epoch %i, minibatch %i/%i, validation error %f %%' % \
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424 (epoch, minibatch_index+1, n_minibatches, \
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425 this_validation_loss*100.))
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426
270
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427
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428 # if we got the best validation score until now
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429 if this_validation_loss < best_validation_loss:
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430
270
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431 #improve patience if loss improvement is good enough
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432 if this_validation_loss < best_validation_loss * \
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433 improvement_threshold :
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434 patience = max(patience, iter * patience_increase)
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435
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436 # save best validation score and iteration number
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437 best_validation_loss = this_validation_loss
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438 best_iter = iter
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439
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440 # test it on the test set
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441 test_score = 0.
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442 for x,y in test_batches:
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443 if x.shape[0] != batch_size:
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444 continue
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445 test_score += test_model(x,y)
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446 test_score /= n_test
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447 print((' epoch %i, minibatch %i/%i, test error of best '
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448 'model %f %%') %
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449 (epoch, minibatch_index+1, n_minibatches,
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450 test_score*100.))
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451
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452 if patience <= iter :
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453 break
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454
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455 end_time = time.clock()
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456 print('Optimization complete.')
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457 print('Best validation score of %f %% obtained at iteration %i,'\
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458 'with test performance %f %%' %
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459 (best_validation_loss * 100., best_iter, test_score*100.))
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460 print('The code ran for %f minutes' % ((end_time-start_time)/60.))
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461
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462 return (best_validation_loss * 100., test_score*100., (end_time-start_time)/60., best_iter)
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463
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464 if __name__ == '__main__':
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465 evaluate_lenet5()
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466
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467 def experiment(state, channel):
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468 print 'start experiment'
270
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469 (best_validation_loss, test_score, minutes_trained, iter) = evaluate_lenet5(state.learning_rate, state.n_iter, state.batch_size, state.n_kern0, state.n_kern1, state.n_layer, state.filter_shape0, state.filter_shape1,state.sigmoide_size)
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470 print 'end experiment'
270
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471
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472 pylearn.version.record_versions(state,[theano,ift6266,pylearn])
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473
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474 state.best_validation_loss = best_validation_loss
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475 state.test_score = test_score
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476 state.minutes_trained = minutes_trained
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477 state.iter = iter
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478
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479 return channel.COMPLETE