Mercurial > ift6266
annotate conv_mlp/convolutional_mlp.py @ 148:72a2d431d047
Rajout d'un seed random et d'une fonction get_seed
author | SylvainPL <sylvain.pannetier.lebeuf@umontreal.ca> |
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date | Wed, 24 Feb 2010 13:14:02 -0500 |
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1 """ |
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2 This tutorial introduces the LeNet5 neural network architecture using Theano. LeNet5 is a |
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3 convolutional neural network, good for classifying images. This tutorial shows how to build the |
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4 architecture, and comes with all the hyper-parameters you need to reproduce the paper's MNIST |
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5 results. |
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6 |
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7 The best results are obtained after X iterations of the main program loop, which takes *** |
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8 minutes on my workstation (an Intel Core i7, circa July 2009), and *** minutes on my GPU (an |
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9 NVIDIA GTX 285 graphics processor). |
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10 |
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11 This implementation simplifies the model in the following ways: |
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12 |
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13 - LeNetConvPool doesn't implement location-specific gain and bias parameters |
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14 - LeNetConvPool doesn't implement pooling by average, it implements pooling by max. |
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15 - Digit classification is implemented with a logistic regression rather than an RBF network |
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16 - LeNet5 was not fully-connected convolutions at second layer |
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17 |
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18 References: |
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19 - Y. LeCun, L. Bottou, Y. Bengio and P. Haffner: Gradient-Based Learning Applied to Document |
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20 Recognition, Proceedings of the IEEE, 86(11):2278-2324, November 1998. |
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21 http://yann.lecun.com/exdb/publis/pdf/lecun-98.pdf |
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22 """ |
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23 |
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24 import numpy, theano, cPickle, gzip, time |
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25 import theano.tensor as T |
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26 import theano.sandbox.softsign |
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27 import pylearn.datasets.MNIST |
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28 from pylearn.io import filetensor as ft |
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29 from theano.sandbox import conv, downsample |
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30 |
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31 class LeNetConvPoolLayer(object): |
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32 |
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33 def __init__(self, rng, input, filter_shape, image_shape, poolsize=(2,2)): |
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34 """ |
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35 Allocate a LeNetConvPoolLayer with shared variable internal parameters. |
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36 :type rng: numpy.random.RandomState |
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37 :param rng: a random number generator used to initialize weights |
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38 :type input: theano.tensor.dtensor4 |
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39 :param input: symbolic image tensor, of shape image_shape |
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40 :type filter_shape: tuple or list of length 4 |
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41 :param filter_shape: (number of filters, num input feature maps, |
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42 filter height,filter width) |
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43 :type image_shape: tuple or list of length 4 |
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44 :param image_shape: (batch size, num input feature maps, |
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45 image height, image width) |
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46 :type poolsize: tuple or list of length 2 |
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47 :param poolsize: the downsampling (pooling) factor (#rows,#cols) |
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48 """ |
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49 assert image_shape[1]==filter_shape[1] |
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50 self.input = input |
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51 |
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52 # initialize weight values: the fan-in of each hidden neuron is |
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53 # restricted by the size of the receptive fields. |
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54 fan_in = numpy.prod(filter_shape[1:]) |
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55 W_values = numpy.asarray( rng.uniform( \ |
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56 low = -numpy.sqrt(3./fan_in), \ |
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57 high = numpy.sqrt(3./fan_in), \ |
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58 size = filter_shape), dtype = theano.config.floatX) |
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59 self.W = theano.shared(value = W_values) |
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60 |
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61 # the bias is a 1D tensor -- one bias per output feature map |
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62 b_values = numpy.zeros((filter_shape[0],), dtype= theano.config.floatX) |
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63 self.b = theano.shared(value= b_values) |
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64 |
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65 # convolve input feature maps with filters |
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66 conv_out = conv.conv2d(input, self.W, |
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67 filter_shape=filter_shape, image_shape=image_shape) |
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68 |
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69 # downsample each feature map individually, using maxpooling |
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70 pooled_out = downsample.max_pool2D(conv_out, poolsize, ignore_border=True) |
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71 |
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72 # add the bias term. Since the bias is a vector (1D array), we first |
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73 # reshape it to a tensor of shape (1,n_filters,1,1). Each bias will thus |
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74 # be broadcasted across mini-batches and feature map width & height |
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75 self.output = T.tanh(pooled_out + self.b.dimshuffle('x', 0, 'x', 'x')) |
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76 |
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77 # store parameters of this layer |
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78 self.params = [self.W, self.b] |
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79 |
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80 |
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81 class SigmoidalLayer(object): |
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82 def __init__(self, rng, input, n_in, n_out): |
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83 """ |
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84 Typical hidden layer of a MLP: units are fully-connected and have |
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85 sigmoidal activation function. Weight matrix W is of shape (n_in,n_out) |
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86 and the bias vector b is of shape (n_out,). |
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87 |
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88 Hidden unit activation is given by: sigmoid(dot(input,W) + b) |
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89 |
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90 :type rng: numpy.random.RandomState |
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91 :param rng: a random number generator used to initialize weights |
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92 :type input: theano.tensor.dmatrix |
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93 :param input: a symbolic tensor of shape (n_examples, n_in) |
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94 :type n_in: int |
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95 :param n_in: dimensionality of input |
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96 :type n_out: int |
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97 :param n_out: number of hidden units |
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98 """ |
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99 self.input = input |
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100 |
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101 W_values = numpy.asarray( rng.uniform( \ |
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102 low = -numpy.sqrt(6./(n_in+n_out)), \ |
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103 high = numpy.sqrt(6./(n_in+n_out)), \ |
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104 size = (n_in, n_out)), dtype = theano.config.floatX) |
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105 self.W = theano.shared(value = W_values) |
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106 |
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107 b_values = numpy.zeros((n_out,), dtype= theano.config.floatX) |
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108 self.b = theano.shared(value= b_values) |
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109 |
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110 self.output = T.tanh(T.dot(input, self.W) + self.b) |
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111 self.params = [self.W, self.b] |
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112 |
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113 |
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114 class LogisticRegression(object): |
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115 """Multi-class Logistic Regression Class |
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116 |
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117 The logistic regression is fully described by a weight matrix :math:`W` |
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118 and bias vector :math:`b`. Classification is done by projecting data |
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119 points onto a set of hyperplanes, the distance to which is used to |
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120 determine a class membership probability. |
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121 """ |
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122 |
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123 def __init__(self, input, n_in, n_out): |
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124 """ Initialize the parameters of the logistic regression |
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125 :param input: symbolic variable that describes the input of the |
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126 architecture (one minibatch) |
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127 :type n_in: int |
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128 :param n_in: number of input units, the dimension of the space in |
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129 which the datapoints lie |
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130 :type n_out: int |
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131 :param n_out: number of output units, the dimension of the space in |
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132 which the labels lie |
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133 """ |
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134 |
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135 # initialize with 0 the weights W as a matrix of shape (n_in, n_out) |
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136 self.W = theano.shared( value=numpy.zeros((n_in,n_out), |
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137 dtype = theano.config.floatX) ) |
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138 # initialize the baises b as a vector of n_out 0s |
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139 self.b = theano.shared( value=numpy.zeros((n_out,), |
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140 dtype = theano.config.floatX) ) |
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141 # compute vector of class-membership probabilities in symbolic form |
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142 self.p_y_given_x = T.nnet.softmax(T.dot(input, self.W)+self.b) |
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143 |
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144 # compute prediction as class whose probability is maximal in |
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145 # symbolic form |
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146 self.y_pred=T.argmax(self.p_y_given_x, axis=1) |
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147 |
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148 # list of parameters for this layer |
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149 self.params = [self.W, self.b] |
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150 |
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151 def negative_log_likelihood(self, y): |
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152 """Return the mean of the negative log-likelihood of the prediction |
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153 of this model under a given target distribution. |
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154 :param y: corresponds to a vector that gives for each example the |
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155 correct label |
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156 Note: we use the mean instead of the sum so that |
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157 the learning rate is less dependent on the batch size |
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158 """ |
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159 return -T.mean(T.log(self.p_y_given_x)[T.arange(y.shape[0]),y]) |
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160 |
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161 def errors(self, y): |
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162 """Return a float representing the number of errors in the minibatch |
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163 over the total number of examples of the minibatch ; zero one |
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164 loss over the size of the minibatch |
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165 """ |
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166 # check if y has same dimension of y_pred |
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167 if y.ndim != self.y_pred.ndim: |
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168 raise TypeError('y should have the same shape as self.y_pred', |
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169 ('y', target.type, 'y_pred', self.y_pred.type)) |
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170 |
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171 # check if y is of the correct datatype |
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172 if y.dtype.startswith('int'): |
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173 # the T.neq operator returns a vector of 0s and 1s, where 1 |
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174 # represents a mistake in prediction |
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175 return T.mean(T.neq(self.y_pred, y)) |
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176 else: |
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177 raise NotImplementedError() |
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178 |
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179 |
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180 def load_dataset(fname,batch=20): |
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181 |
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182 # repertoire qui contient les donnees NIST |
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183 # le repertoire suivant va fonctionner si vous etes connecte sur un ordinateur |
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184 # du reseau DIRO |
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185 datapath = '/data/lisa/data/nist/by_class/' |
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186 # le fichier .ft contient chiffres NIST dans un format efficace. Les chiffres |
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187 # sont stockes dans une matrice de NxD, ou N est le nombre d'images, est D est |
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188 # le nombre de pixels par image (32x32 = 1024). Chaque pixel de l'image est une |
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189 # valeur entre 0 et 255, correspondant a un niveau de gris. Les valeurs sont |
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190 # stockees comme des uint8, donc des bytes. |
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191 f = open(datapath+'digits/digits_train_data.ft') |
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192 # Verifier que vous avez assez de memoire pour loader les donnees au complet |
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193 # dans le memoire. Sinon, utilisez ft.arraylike, une classe construite |
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194 # specialement pour des fichiers qu'on ne souhaite pas loader dans RAM. |
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195 d = ft.read(f) |
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196 |
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197 # NB: N'oubliez pas de diviser les valeurs des pixels par 255. si jamais vous |
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198 # utilisez les donnees commes entrees dans un reseaux de neurones et que vous |
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199 # voulez des entres entre 0 et 1. |
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200 # digits_train_data.ft contient les images, digits_train_labels.ft contient les |
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201 # etiquettes |
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202 f = open(datapath+'digits/digits_train_labels.ft') |
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203 labels = ft.read(f) |
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204 |
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205 |
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206 # Load the dataset |
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207 #f = gzip.open(fname,'rb') |
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208 #train_set, valid_set, test_set = cPickle.load(f) |
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209 #f.close() |
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210 |
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211 # make minibatches of size 20 |
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212 batch_size = batch # sized of the minibatch |
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213 |
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214 # Dealing with the training set |
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215 # get the list of training images (x) and their labels (y) |
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216 (train_set_x, train_set_y) = (d[:4000,:],labels[:4000]) |
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217 # initialize the list of training minibatches with empty list |
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218 train_batches = [] |
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219 for i in xrange(0, len(train_set_x), batch_size): |
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220 # add to the list of minibatches the minibatch starting at |
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221 # position i, ending at position i+batch_size |
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222 # a minibatch is a pair ; the first element of the pair is a list |
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223 # of datapoints, the second element is the list of corresponding |
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224 # labels |
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225 train_batches = train_batches + \ |
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226 [(train_set_x[i:i+batch_size], train_set_y[i:i+batch_size])] |
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227 |
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228 #print train_batches[500] |
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229 |
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230 # Dealing with the validation set |
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231 (valid_set_x, valid_set_y) = (d[4000:5000,:],labels[4000:5000]) |
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232 # initialize the list of validation minibatches |
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233 valid_batches = [] |
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234 for i in xrange(0, len(valid_set_x), batch_size): |
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235 valid_batches = valid_batches + \ |
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236 [(valid_set_x[i:i+batch_size], valid_set_y[i:i+batch_size])] |
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237 |
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238 # Dealing with the testing set |
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239 (test_set_x, test_set_y) = (d[5000:6000,:],labels[5000:6000]) |
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240 # initialize the list of testing minibatches |
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241 test_batches = [] |
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242 for i in xrange(0, len(test_set_x), batch_size): |
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243 test_batches = test_batches + \ |
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244 [(test_set_x[i:i+batch_size], test_set_y[i:i+batch_size])] |
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245 |
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246 return train_batches, valid_batches, test_batches |
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247 |
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248 |
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249 def evaluate_lenet5(learning_rate=0.1, n_iter=1, batch_size=20, n_kern0=20,n_kern1=50,filter_shape=5,n_layer=3, dataset='mnist.pkl.gz'): |
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250 rng = numpy.random.RandomState(23455) |
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251 |
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252 print 'Before load dataset' |
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253 train_batches, valid_batches, test_batches = load_dataset(dataset,batch_size) |
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254 print 'After load dataset' |
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255 |
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256 ishape = (32,32) # this is the size of NIST images |
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257 n_kern2=80 |
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258 |
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259 # allocate symbolic variables for the data |
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260 x = T.matrix('x') # rasterized images |
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261 y = T.lvector() # the labels are presented as 1D vector of [long int] labels |
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262 |
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263 |
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264 ###################### |
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265 # BUILD ACTUAL MODEL # |
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266 ###################### |
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267 |
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268 # Reshape matrix of rasterized images of shape (batch_size,28*28) |
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269 # to a 4D tensor, compatible with our LeNetConvPoolLayer |
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270 layer0_input = x.reshape((batch_size,1,32,32)) |
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271 |
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272 # Construct the first convolutional pooling layer: |
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273 # filtering reduces the image size to (32-5+1,32-5+1)=(28,28) |
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274 # maxpooling reduces this further to (28/2,28/2) = (14,14) |
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275 # 4D output tensor is thus of shape (20,20,14,14) |
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276 layer0 = LeNetConvPoolLayer(rng, input=layer0_input, |
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277 image_shape=(batch_size,1,32,32), |
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278 filter_shape=(n_kern0,1,filter_shape,filter_shape), poolsize=(2,2)) |
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279 |
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280 if(n_layer>2): |
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281 |
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282 # Construct the second convolutional pooling layer |
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283 # filtering reduces the image size to (14-5+1,14-5+1)=(10,10) |
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284 # maxpooling reduces this further to (10/2,10/2) = (5,5) |
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285 # 4D output tensor is thus of shape (20,50,5,5) |
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286 fshape=(32-filter_shape+1)/2 |
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287 layer1 = LeNetConvPoolLayer(rng, input=layer0.output, |
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288 image_shape=(batch_size,n_kern0,fshape,fshape), |
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289 filter_shape=(n_kern1,n_kern0,filter_shape,filter_shape), poolsize=(2,2)) |
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290 |
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291 else: |
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292 |
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293 fshape=(32-filter_shape+1)/2 |
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294 layer1_input = layer0.output.flatten(2) |
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295 # construct a fully-connected sigmoidal layer |
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296 layer1 = SigmoidalLayer(rng, input=layer1_input,n_in=n_kern0*fshape*fshape, n_out=500) |
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297 |
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298 layer2 = LogisticRegression(input=layer1.output, n_in=500, n_out=10) |
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299 cost = layer2.negative_log_likelihood(y) |
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300 test_model = theano.function([x,y], layer2.errors(y)) |
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301 params = layer2.params+ layer1.params + layer0.params |
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302 |
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303 |
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304 if(n_layer>3): |
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305 |
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306 fshape=(32-filter_shape+1)/2 |
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307 fshape2=(fshape-filter_shape+1)/2 |
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308 fshape3=(fshape2-filter_shape+1)/2 |
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309 layer2 = LeNetConvPoolLayer(rng, input=layer1.output, |
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310 image_shape=(batch_size,n_kern1,fshape2,fshape2), |
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311 filter_shape=(n_kern2,n_kern1,filter_shape,filter_shape), poolsize=(2,2)) |
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312 |
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313 layer3_input = layer2.output.flatten(2) |
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314 |
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315 layer3 = SigmoidalLayer(rng, input=layer3_input, |
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316 n_in=n_kern2*fshape3*fshape3, n_out=500) |
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317 |
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318 |
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319 layer4 = LogisticRegression(input=layer3.output, n_in=500, n_out=10) |
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320 |
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321 cost = layer4.negative_log_likelihood(y) |
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322 |
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323 test_model = theano.function([x,y], layer4.errors(y)) |
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324 |
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325 params = layer4.params+ layer3.params+ layer2.params+ layer1.params + layer0.params |
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326 |
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327 |
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328 elif(n_layer>2): |
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329 |
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330 fshape=(32-filter_shape+1)/2 |
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331 fshape2=(fshape-filter_shape+1)/2 |
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332 |
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333 # the SigmoidalLayer being fully-connected, it operates on 2D matrices of |
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334 # shape (batch_size,num_pixels) (i.e matrix of rasterized images). |
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335 # This will generate a matrix of shape (20,32*4*4) = (20,512) |
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336 layer2_input = layer1.output.flatten(2) |
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337 |
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338 # construct a fully-connected sigmoidal layer |
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339 layer2 = SigmoidalLayer(rng, input=layer2_input, |
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340 n_in=n_kern1*fshape2*fshape2, n_out=500) |
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341 |
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342 |
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343 # classify the values of the fully-connected sigmoidal layer |
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344 layer3 = LogisticRegression(input=layer2.output, n_in=500, n_out=10) |
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345 |
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346 # the cost we minimize during training is the NLL of the model |
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347 cost = layer3.negative_log_likelihood(y) |
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348 |
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349 # create a function to compute the mistakes that are made by the model |
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350 test_model = theano.function([x,y], layer3.errors(y)) |
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351 |
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352 # create a list of all model parameters to be fit by gradient descent |
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353 params = layer3.params+ layer2.params+ layer1.params + layer0.params |
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354 |
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355 |
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356 |
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357 |
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358 |
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359 # create a list of gradients for all model parameters |
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360 grads = T.grad(cost, params) |
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361 |
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362 # train_model is a function that updates the model parameters by SGD |
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363 # Since this model has many parameters, it would be tedious to manually |
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364 # create an update rule for each model parameter. We thus create the updates |
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parents:
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365 # dictionary by automatically looping over all (params[i],grads[i]) pairs. |
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366 updates = {} |
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parents:
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367 for param_i, grad_i in zip(params, grads): |
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368 updates[param_i] = param_i - learning_rate * grad_i |
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369 train_model = theano.function([x, y], cost, updates=updates) |
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370 |
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371 |
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372 ############### |
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373 # TRAIN MODEL # |
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374 ############### |
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375 |
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376 n_minibatches = len(train_batches) |
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377 |
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378 # early-stopping parameters |
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379 patience = 10000 # look as this many examples regardless |
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380 patience_increase = 2 # wait this much longer when a new best is |
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parents:
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381 # found |
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382 improvement_threshold = 0.995 # a relative improvement of this much is |
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parents:
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383 # considered significant |
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parents:
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384 validation_frequency = n_minibatches # go through this many |
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parents:
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385 # minibatche before checking the network |
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386 # on the validation set; in this case we |
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parents:
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387 # check every epoch |
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388 |
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389 best_params = None |
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390 best_validation_loss = float('inf') |
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391 best_iter = 0 |
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392 test_score = 0. |
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393 start_time = time.clock() |
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394 |
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395 # have a maximum of `n_iter` iterations through the entire dataset |
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396 for iter in xrange(n_iter * n_minibatches): |
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397 |
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398 # get epoch and minibatch index |
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399 epoch = iter / n_minibatches |
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400 minibatch_index = iter % n_minibatches |
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401 |
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402 # get the minibatches corresponding to `iter` modulo |
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403 # `len(train_batches)` |
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404 x,y = train_batches[ minibatch_index ] |
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405 |
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406 if iter %100 == 0: |
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407 print 'training @ iter = ', iter |
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408 cost_ij = train_model(x,y) |
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409 |
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410 if (iter+1) % validation_frequency == 0: |
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411 |
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412 # compute zero-one loss on validation set |
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413 this_validation_loss = 0. |
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414 for x,y in valid_batches: |
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parents:
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415 # sum up the errors for each minibatch |
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416 this_validation_loss += test_model(x,y) |
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417 |
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parents:
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418 # get the average by dividing with the number of minibatches |
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419 this_validation_loss /= len(valid_batches) |
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420 print('epoch %i, minibatch %i/%i, validation error %f %%' % \ |
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parents:
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421 (epoch, minibatch_index+1, n_minibatches, \ |
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parents:
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422 this_validation_loss*100.)) |
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parents:
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423 |
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parents:
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424 |
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parents:
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425 # if we got the best validation score until now |
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426 if this_validation_loss < best_validation_loss: |
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parents:
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427 |
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parents:
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428 #improve patience if loss improvement is good enough |
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429 if this_validation_loss < best_validation_loss * \ |
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parents:
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430 improvement_threshold : |
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431 patience = max(patience, iter * patience_increase) |
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parents:
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432 |
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parents:
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433 # save best validation score and iteration number |
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434 best_validation_loss = this_validation_loss |
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parents:
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435 best_iter = iter |
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parents:
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|
436 |
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parents:
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437 # test it on the test set |
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parents:
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438 test_score = 0. |
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parents:
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439 for x,y in test_batches: |
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parents:
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440 test_score += test_model(x,y) |
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parents:
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441 test_score /= len(test_batches) |
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parents:
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442 print((' epoch %i, minibatch %i/%i, test error of best ' |
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parents:
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443 'model %f %%') % |
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parents:
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444 (epoch, minibatch_index+1, n_minibatches, |
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parents:
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445 test_score*100.)) |
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parents:
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446 |
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parents:
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447 if patience <= iter : |
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Jeremy Eustache <jeremy.eustache@voila.fr>
parents:
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|
448 break |
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Jeremy Eustache <jeremy.eustache@voila.fr>
parents:
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449 |
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parents:
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450 end_time = time.clock() |
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parents:
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451 print('Optimization complete.') |
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parents:
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452 print('Best validation score of %f %% obtained at iteration %i,'\ |
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parents:
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453 'with test performance %f %%' % |
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Jeremy Eustache <jeremy.eustache@voila.fr>
parents:
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454 (best_validation_loss * 100., best_iter, test_score*100.)) |
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parents:
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455 print('The code ran for %f minutes' % ((end_time-start_time)/60.)) |
33038ab4e799
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parents:
diff
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|
456 |
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parents:
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457 return (best_validation_loss * 100., test_score*100., (end_time-start_time)/60., best_iter) |
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parents:
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458 |
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Jeremy Eustache <jeremy.eustache@voila.fr>
parents:
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459 if __name__ == '__main__': |
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parents:
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|
460 evaluate_lenet5() |
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parents:
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|
461 |
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parents:
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462 def experiment(state, channel): |
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parents:
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463 print 'start experiment' |
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parents:
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464 (best_validation_loss, test_score, minutes_trained, iter) = evaluate_lenet5(state.learning_rate, state.n_iter, state.batch_size, state.n_kern0, state.n_kern1, state.filter_shape, state.n_layer) |
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parents:
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465 print 'end experiment' |
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parents:
diff
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|
466 |
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parents:
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467 state.best_validation_loss = best_validation_loss |
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parents:
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468 state.test_score = test_score |
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parents:
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469 state.minutes_trained = minutes_trained |
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parents:
diff
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|
470 state.iter = iter |
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parents:
diff
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|
471 |
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parents:
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472 return channel.COMPLETE |