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annotate ext/libpng-1.2.29/contrib/visupng/cexcept.h @ 130:b49714fff478

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* Workaround for Segfault_in_cxa_allocate_exception: http://wiki.fifengine.de/Segfault_in_cxa_allocate_exception * Full credit goes to Yonibear from OpenAnno who tracked down the issue
author mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
date Mon, 18 Aug 2008 23:11:32 +0000
parents 4a0efb7baf70
children
rev   line source
0
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1 /*===
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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2 cexcept.h 2.0.0 (2001-Jul-12-Thu)
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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3 Adam M. Costello <amc@cs.berkeley.edu>
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4
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5 An interface for exception-handling in ANSI C (C89 and subsequent ISO
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6 standards), developed jointly with Cosmin Truta <cosmin@cs.toronto.edu>.
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7
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8 Copyright (c) 2001 Adam M. Costello and Cosmin Truta. Everyone
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9 is hereby granted permission to do whatever they like with this
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10 file, provided that if they modify it they take reasonable steps to
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11 avoid confusing or misleading people about the authors, version,
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12 and terms of use of the derived file. The copyright holders make
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13 no guarantees regarding this file, and are not responsible for any
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14 damage resulting from its use.
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15
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16 Only user-defined exceptions are supported, not "real" exceptions like
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17 division by zero or memory segmentation violations.
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18
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19 If this interface is used by multiple .c files, they shouldn't include
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20 this header file directly. Instead, create a wrapper header file that
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21 includes this header file and then invokes the define_exception_type
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22 macro (see below), and let your .c files include that header file.
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23
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24 The interface consists of one type, one well-known name, and six macros.
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25
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26
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27 define_exception_type(type_name);
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28
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29 This macro is used like an external declaration. It specifies
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30 the type of object that gets copied from the exception thrower to
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31 the exception catcher. The type_name can be any type that can be
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32 assigned to, that is, a non-constant arithmetic type, struct, union,
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33 or pointer. Examples:
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34
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35 define_exception_type(int);
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36
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37 enum exception { out_of_memory, bad_arguments, disk_full };
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38 define_exception_type(enum exception);
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39
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40 struct exception { int code; const char *msg; };
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41 define_exception_type(struct exception);
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42
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43 Because throwing an exception causes the object to be copied (not
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44 just once, but twice), programmers may wish to consider size when
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45 choosing the exception type.
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46
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47
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48 struct exception_context;
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49
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50 This type may be used after the define_exception_type() macro has
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51 been invoked. A struct exception_context must be known to both
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52 the thrower and the catcher. It is expected that there be one
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53 context for each thread that uses exceptions. It would certainly
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54 be dangerous for multiple threads to access the same context.
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55 One thread can use multiple contexts, but that is likely to be
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56 confusing and not typically useful. The application can allocate
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57 this structure in any way it pleases--automatic, static, or dynamic.
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58 The application programmer should pretend not to know the structure
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59 members, which are subject to change.
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60
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61
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62 struct exception_context *the_exception_context;
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63
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64 The Try/Catch and Throw statements (described below) implicitly
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65 refer to a context, using the name the_exception_context. It is
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66 the application's responsibility to make sure that this name yields
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67 the address of a mutable (non-constant) struct exception_context
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68 wherever those statements are used. Subject to that constraint, the
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69 application may declare a variable of this name anywhere it likes
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70 (inside a function, in a parameter list, or externally), and may
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71 use whatever storage class specifiers (static, extern, etc) or type
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72 qualifiers (const, volatile, etc) it likes. Examples:
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73
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74 static struct exception_context
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75 * const the_exception_context = &foo;
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76
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77 { struct exception_context *the_exception_context = bar; ... }
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78
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79 int blah(struct exception_context *the_exception_context, ...);
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80
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81 extern struct exception_context the_exception_context[1];
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82
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83 The last example illustrates a trick that avoids creating a pointer
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84 object separate from the structure object.
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85
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86 The name could even be a macro, for example:
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87
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88 struct exception_context ec_array[numthreads];
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89 #define the_exception_context (ec_array + thread_id)
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90
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91 Be aware that the_exception_context is used several times by the
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92 Try/Catch/Throw macros, so it shouldn't be expensive or have side
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93 effects. The expansion must be a drop-in replacement for an
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94 identifier, so it's safest to put parentheses around it.
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95
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96
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97 void init_exception_context(struct exception_context *ec);
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98
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99 For context structures allocated statically (by an external
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100 definition or using the "static" keyword), the implicit
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101 initialization to all zeros is sufficient, but contexts allocated
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102 by other means must be initialized using this macro before they
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103 are used by a Try/Catch statement. It does no harm to initialize
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104 a context more than once (by using this macro on a statically
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105 allocated context, or using this macro twice on the same context),
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106 but a context must not be re-initialized after it has been used by a
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
107 Try/Catch statement.
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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108
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109
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
110 Try statement
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
111 Catch (expression) statement
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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112
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
113 The Try/Catch/Throw macros are capitalized in order to avoid
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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114 confusion with the C++ keywords, which have subtly different
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
115 semantics.
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116
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
117 A Try/Catch statement has a syntax similar to an if/else statement,
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
118 except that the parenthesized expression goes after the second
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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119 keyword rather than the first. As with if/else, there are two
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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120 clauses, each of which may be a simple statement ending with a
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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121 semicolon or a brace-enclosed compound statement. But whereas
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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122 the else clause is optional, the Catch clause is required. The
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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123 expression must be a modifiable lvalue (something capable of being
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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124 assigned to) of the same type (disregarding type qualifiers) that
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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125 was passed to define_exception_type().
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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126
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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127 If a Throw that uses the same exception context as the Try/Catch is
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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128 executed within the Try clause (typically within a function called
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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129 by the Try clause), and the exception is not caught by a nested
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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130 Try/Catch statement, then a copy of the exception will be assigned
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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131 to the expression, and control will jump to the Catch clause. If no
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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132 such Throw is executed, then the assignment is not performed, and
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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133 the Catch clause is not executed.
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134
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
135 The expression is not evaluated unless and until the exception is
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
136 caught, which is significant if it has side effects, for example:
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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137
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
138 Try foo();
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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139 Catch (p[++i].e) { ... }
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140
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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141 IMPORTANT: Jumping into or out of a Try clause (for example via
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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142 return, break, continue, goto, longjmp) is forbidden--the compiler
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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143 will not complain, but bad things will happen at run-time. Jumping
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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144 into or out of a Catch clause is okay, and so is jumping around
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
145 inside a Try clause. In many cases where one is tempted to return
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
146 from a Try clause, it will suffice to use Throw, and then return
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
147 from the Catch clause. Another option is to set a flag variable and
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
148 use goto to jump to the end of the Try clause, then check the flag
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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149 after the Try/Catch statement.
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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150
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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151 IMPORTANT: The values of any non-volatile automatic variables
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
152 changed within the Try clause are undefined after an exception is
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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153 caught. Therefore, variables modified inside the Try block whose
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
154 values are needed later outside the Try block must either use static
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
155 storage or be declared with the "volatile" type qualifier.
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156
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157
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
158 Throw expression;
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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159
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
160 A Throw statement is very much like a return statement, except that
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
161 the expression is required. Whereas return jumps back to the place
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
162 where the current function was called, Throw jumps back to the Catch
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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163 clause of the innermost enclosing Try clause. The expression must
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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164 be compatible with the type passed to define_exception_type(). The
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
165 exception must be caught, otherwise the program may crash.
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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166
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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167 Slight limitation: If the expression is a comma-expression it must
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
168 be enclosed in parentheses.
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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169
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170
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
171 Try statement
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
172 Catch_anonymous statement
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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173
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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174 When the value of the exception is not needed, a Try/Catch statement
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
175 can use Catch_anonymous instead of Catch (expression).
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176
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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177
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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178 Everything below this point is for the benefit of the compiler. The
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
179 application programmer should pretend not to know any of it, because it
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
180 is subject to change.
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181
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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182 ===*/
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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183
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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184
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
185 #ifndef CEXCEPT_H
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
186 #define CEXCEPT_H
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187
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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188
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
189 #include <setjmp.h>
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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190
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
191 #define define_exception_type(etype) \
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
192 struct exception_context { \
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
193 jmp_buf *penv; \
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
194 int caught; \
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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195 volatile struct { etype etmp; } v; \
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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196 }
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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197
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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198 /* etmp must be volatile because the application might use automatic */
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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199 /* storage for the_exception_context, and etmp is modified between */
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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200 /* the calls to setjmp() and longjmp(). A wrapper struct is used to */
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
201 /* avoid warnings about a duplicate volatile qualifier in case etype */
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
202 /* already includes it. */
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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203
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
204 #define init_exception_context(ec) ((void)((ec)->penv = 0))
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205
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
206 #define Try \
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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207 { \
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
208 jmp_buf *exception__prev, exception__env; \
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
209 exception__prev = the_exception_context->penv; \
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
210 the_exception_context->penv = &exception__env; \
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
211 if (setjmp(exception__env) == 0) { \
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
212 if (&exception__prev)
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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213
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
parents:
diff changeset
214 #define exception__catch(action) \
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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diff changeset
215 else { } \
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mvbarracuda@33b003aa-7bff-0310-803a-e67f0ece8222
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216 the_exception_context->caught = 0; \
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217 } \
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218 else { \
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219 the_exception_context->caught = 1; \
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220 } \
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221 the_exception_context->penv = exception__prev; \
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222 } \
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223 if (!the_exception_context->caught || action) { } \
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224 else
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225
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226 #define Catch(e) exception__catch(((e) = the_exception_context->v.etmp, 0))
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227 #define Catch_anonymous exception__catch(0)
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228
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229 /* Try ends with if(), and Catch begins and ends with else. This */
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230 /* ensures that the Try/Catch syntax is really the same as the */
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231 /* if/else syntax. */
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232 /* */
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233 /* We use &exception__prev instead of 1 to appease compilers that */
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234 /* warn about constant expressions inside if(). Most compilers */
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235 /* should still recognize that &exception__prev is never zero and */
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236 /* avoid generating test code. */
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237
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238 #define Throw \
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239 for (;; longjmp(*the_exception_context->penv, 1)) \
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240 the_exception_context->v.etmp =
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241
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242
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243 #endif /* CEXCEPT_H */